sheep

Baskalci 1

191 (a) a pa ìma nèkoj pa pèd dèset òfci ìmә pòveče ne mòže

but there’s some who would [shear] five or ten sheep, and couldn’t do more.

193 (a) kòj kòj kàk ìmә fàtkә bɤ̀rza fàtkә ìmә nèkuj

Each has his own approach, some [do it] quickly –

194 (GK) әhә e kàk se kәžùvә tàә vɤ̀lnә dètu ә strižèš ud ednà ufcà

Uh huh. Now how do you call the wool that you’ve shorn from a single sheep?

197 (a) emì mì ustrìženә vɤ̀lnә znàči vɤ̀lnә ustrìgvә tòlku vɤ̀lnɤ znàči

Well, the shorn wool, that is, wool that’s been shorn, just wool.

198 (GK) ud ednà ufcà kòlku ustrìgvәt

How much do they shear from a single sheep?

199 (a) o ot ednà ufcà zavìsi ufcìte kәkvì sә

From one sheep, well it depends what kind of sheep they are.

201 (a) àku àku ti sә glèdә әku ti si i gledàl ùbәu

If– if you’ve taken good care of them,

202 (a) ud ufcà mòžeš dә nәstrìžeš dә kàžem trì kìlә dvè kìlә

you can get two or three kilos of wool from shearing a sheep

203 (a) nò obiknovènno šìleta tovà ti onovà ti po kilò i polovìna vɤ̀lna i

but from yearlings, this and that, it’s usually a kilo and a half of wool.

204 (GK) sìčkәtә vɤ̀lnә ednàkvә li e dèto jә ustrìgvәš

Is all wool the same, from everywhere that you shear it?

205 (a) tìjә nàš nàšte òfci tugàj i sɤgà sә me̝ronòsəni saà ìma

Our sheep then (and now) are the Merino sort. Now we have

206 (a) znàči krәstòsәni se ә tugàj bèa na nàšte čèrnә vɤ̀lnә i bèlә vɤ̀lnә

crossbreeds. But then ours had both black and white wool.

207 (GK) kàk sә vìkә tàә čèrnәtә

How do you call the black kind?

208 (a) mi čèrnә vɤ̀lna tàa e

Well, it’s black wool.

209 (GK) samočèrkә

“Samocherka”?

210 (a) à à à čèrnә si vɤ̀lnә znàči čèrnәtә vɤ̀lnә ә tùrәš uddòlu vәf tuvà

Well, black wool is – you put the black wool below in this [place],

211 (a) bèlәtә uddèlnu kәtu a nòsiš nә vlәčàrkә ženìte predàt

and [you put] the white separately, take it to the carder, women spin,

212 (a) tàm čèpkɤt nòsi se nә vlәčàrkә izvlàči se

they comb it, take it to the carder and it gets carded.

214 (a) izmèsi se kɤdèli pràat à pòsle pràea grɤ̀dnici

they mix it, ready it for distaffs, and then later they made shawls.

215 (a) kòj kәkvò ìskә tәkò si pràeše znàči od nìx

Each one made whatever they wanted from it.

216 (GK) a tàә mrɤ̀snәtә vɤ̀lnә kàk se kažùvә

And how do you call the dirty wool?

217 (GK) mrɤ̀snәtә nèprànәtә nèprànәtә vɤ̀lnә nәlì tr’àvә se ispère

Dirty, unwashed. The unwashed wool. It has to get washed, right?

218 (a) hm onà ke se ispère sìčkәtә ne mòže dә ìmә mrɤ̀snә vɤ̀lnә

Yes, you have to wash all of it. You can’t have dirty wool.

221 (a) emi tò à emi tò e nà e sìčkәtә sèrava kugà a strižème

Well, well, - Ah, right! All of it is greasy when we shear it.

223 (a) kogà se strižè sìčkә sә kәžùvә tàa nè e pèrena

When it’s [just] shorn one says “This one isn’t washed [yet].”

224 (a) sèrava e vɤ̀lnata nè e pèrena

It’s greasy wool, it’s not washed.

233 (GK) әmi ə tùka ut korèmo dèto tovà

But down by stomach, the part …

235 (GK) okolo pokraj ìmeto pokraj glavàta kàk se

… around the udder, around the head, how ..

237 (GK) kàk se kažùva tàa vɤ̀lna

how do you call that wool?

238 (a) nè pòtstrik se kažùva tovà znàči ako a si takòva

… those – that’s called skirting. That is, if it’s –

239 (a) dokato nè e tàa okàpva ako ako nì e u ustrìžeš

if you don’t – it falls off if you don’t shear it in time.

240 (a) nә vrème po korèmo ke okàpe tàa vɤ̀lna ponèže kato òdɤt

in time the wool will fall off of the stomach, because when they move around,

241 (a) à tùka is trɤ̀nite is pàproteka kàk òdɤt tò okàpva

when they move around hereabouts among thorns and ferns, it falls off.

242 (a) a pa kòj e tirikàt pәk pò ràno dә si jә isčìni

But someone who’s a clever one will dye it earlier,

243 (a) vìka se tàa vɤ̀lna pòtstrik

[and get] this wool [that] is called

245 (a) i si i pustrìže pu korèmo znàči ka a potsтrìže po opàškata

And you shear it off the stomach, and shear it around the tail,

246 (a) tùka kraj šìjata ke a potstrìže i slet edin mèsec

and here around the neck you’ll shear it. And a month later

247 (a) ke a strìže vèke ke i svàli runòto nàči

you’ll shear [the rest] and remove the fleece.

253 (GK) a pa takòva kàk se naričat kato sa màlki

And how do you call them when they are little?

254 (GK) kàk mu vìkaš na na kato rodì ofcàta màlko kàk otnačàlo

How do you call the young of a sheep, when it’s just born?

255 (a) emi emi tә àgәnce jàgne mu vìkame

Well, we call that “agŭntse”, “yagne” (a lamb).

256 (GK) jàgn’e i pòsle kàk kakvò stàva

“Yagne”. And later, when it gets –

257 (a) ka kato ponagolemèe šìleta i vìkame šìleta

When it gets a bit bigger, we call them “shileta” (yearlings)

258 (a) ama na kòj na mɤ̀škite na žènskite

For which, the males or the females?

259 (a) i mɤ̀ški i žènski se vìkat šìleta znàči tàagodìšnite

Both males and females are called yearlings, the ones born in the same year.

260 (a) znàči prolètnite jàgništa se vìkat segà šìleta dogodìna vèke

That is, lambs born in the spring are called yearlings up to a year.

261 (a) zә drùgәtә gudìna dzvìski

And in their second year [they are called] “dzviski” (hoggets)

263 (a) dzvìskә znàči tò e

A [female] hogget, that’s it.

264 (GK) i mɤ̀škoto se vìka dzvìska

And is the male [also] called a hogget?

265 (a) mɤ̀škoto se vìka dzvizò dzvìze znàči znàči po šilèto štò e dzvìze

The male [hogget] is called “dvzizo”. So after the yearling comes the hogget.

266 (a) tovà e dzvìze tovà e màtor tovà e stàr kòč

That’s the hogget, [then] there’s the “mator” [young ram], then the old ram.

267 (GK) koè e màtor

Which is the “mator”?

268 (a) à e màtor trètata gudìna znàči kato fàneše

It’s a “mator” in its third year, when it’s just begun –

269 (GK) a pɤk stàr kòč nat

And then it’s an old ram after –

270 (a) sta stàr kòč nàt trì gudìni tòa e stàr kòč sta

It’s an old ram after three years. That’s [when it gets to be] an old ram

272 (a) stàr kòč ili stàr bràf mòeš da go kàeš

An old ram, or you could also call it an old head.

275 (GK) i i kakvò sә nèšto po rogìte pràexte li im

And what – did you do something with their horns?

279 (GK) nè ste gi vìli tәkà dә sә krәsìvi də təkòvә

You didn’t bend them somehow, so they’d look nicer –

281 (GK) rògovete im

– their horns?

285 (a) vrɤ̀zvaa im se rogòveto takà kato sa vìžda òšte malènko

they would bind up its horns when it was still small.

286 (a) ke mu i vrɤ̀zvәž za da izlègat nagòre i se vìka tovà kačòr

You’d bind its horns, so they grow straight; that’s called a “kachor” (stag-lamb)

Baskalci 2

1 (GK) ami kàg gi belèžexte ufcète belèžexte li gi da gi poznàvate

So how did you mark sheep? Did you mark them in a way to recognize them?

2 (a) ami sèki ìmaše belèk

Well, each one had a mark.

3 (GK) kakɤ̀f

What kind?

4 (a) belèk na tovà na ušìte se prài belèk

A mark – they make a mark on the ears.

5 (GK) i kàk se prài tòj

And how do they do that?

12 (a) ušèto e naprìmer tovà

[On] the ear, for instance

14 (a) na ofcàta tovà pretstavl’àva ušèto sà nèkoj ìma nàči

That means on the sheep’s ear. There are some [people], you know –

15 (a) jà ot tùka takà ke otsèčem dìp màlko i se vìka tovà izbrɤ̀ska

I make a little slanted cut here, and we call that “izbrŭska” (slant-cut).

17 (a) na dèsnotu kakòf ti e be belègo na dèsnotu ušè e izbrɤ̀ska

What’s your mark on the right ear? On the right ear it’s a slant-cut.

19 (a) drùgo drùgiju pәk po otprèt ìma

But another will [make it] in front.

21 (a) otprèt ràbuška a takà kato prevìeš ušènceto nalì

[He’ll make] a notch in front. So when you fold the ear over,

22 (a) i sɤs ednì pà sɤs nòžnici stàva tovà ili sɤs krɤklìzi

and then – it’s done with scissors, or with shears –

24 (a) otsèčneš dìp tovà se otcèpva dìp po màlkinko

you slice of a little bet and you get a “swallowtail” cut here.

26 (a) po màlko ama sèkoj č’e znàe belègo kakòf mu e znači

Very little, but [enough] so each one knows which mark is his.

27 (a) na dèsnoto ušè ti e belègo ràbuška otprèt ràbuška

So you’ve got a mark, a “rabushka” (notch) on the right ear. A notch in front.

28 (a) na lèvoto ušè ti e belègo odzàt ràbuška nalì odzàt se vìka

And on the left ear you’ve got a mark, a notch in the back. It’s called “the back”

29 (a) kato ušèto kato e takà ot tàzi stranà

when the ear is like this, on this side.

31 (a) a pa otprèt se vìka pa prèdnata stranà

and [the notch] in the front part is called “the front”.

34 (GK) izbrɤ̀ska kugà e udzàt

[So it’s called] a slant-cut when it’s in back –

35 (a) o odzàt izbrɤ̀ska i otprèt mòže izbrɤ̀ska pa i otprèt ìma i izbrɤ̀ska

A slant-cut in the back, but you can also have a slant-cut in the front.

36 (a) ponèže tìja vɤf selòto sa znàči nògu nògu rètko trèbva da se slùči

Because it should happen very, very rarely that in one village

37 (a) na edìn belèg da sà mòjo belèk i tvòjo da se sravnàva

people should [all] use the same mark, that mine should be just like yours,

38 (a) osòbeno ako sa komšìi òti nèma da si i poznàete

especially if we are neighbors. Because otherwise you wouldn’t recognize them.

39 (a) nèkoj i poznàvat nògu ama nèkoj pa ne mòe gi poznàvat

Some would recognize them but others wouldn’t be able to.

40 (a) ako nè e belègo ne mòe gi poznàvat ke se zakàrat

If not for the mark they wouldn’t recognize them, and then they’d quarrel

41 (b) tì ke go vìkaš tvòje jàs ke go vìkam mòje [laughter]

You’ll say it’s yours, I’ll say it’s mine,

42 (a) i ìska da se bìeme

and we might get into a fight!

45 (GK) i drùgi drùg drùgi ìmaše li drùgi bèlezi

And other – were there other kinds of marks?

52 (a) i sɤs katràn’u i belèguvàme katràn’u i gu tùriš

And we mark them with pitch. You put it –

53 (a) na edìn ke e pres krɤ̀stu pràva čertà na drùgiju

One would make a straight line on [the sheep’s] back, another

54 (a) ke e ot srәnàtә nә drùgiju i tòo sèki znàe nàči

would [make it] on the side, and another – and each one will know

55 (a) kakòf katràn’ ke e složìl nә ufcète

what kind of pitch [marking] he’ll have put on his sheep.

57 (a) i tàm i ofčàreto znàәd znàči pu kәtràn’u punèže

And the shepherds up there know, you see, by the pitch [marks]

58 (a) nә grɤbò se slàgә seà dèka se glèda nәlì

that were put on the backs [of the sheep]. Because it’s visible, right?

60 (a) i tìja è kato a vìdi à tàa e

and when they see one, they’ll say “Ah, that sheep [belongs]

61 (a) na èdi kòj si tòa kәtràn’ e nә tòa fil’ànkišìjәtә

to so and so, that kind of pitch mark designates that person.”

63 (a) drùgiju kәtràn’ e [laughter]

And another pitch mark [to another].

64 (GK) ami a drùgi nèmaše li drùgi belèzi pu pu uxòtu

So – weren’t there any other marks on, on the ear?

65 (a) nè drùgi drùgi kakvò

No. What other – ?

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