wool

Oborište 1

104 (a) mi za vɤ̀lna za ml’àko

Well for the wool, for the milk …

Repljana 3

4 (a) pòveče vḷ̀nu ìma napredè pòveče làkti

[the one who has] more wool will spin more elbow-lengths,

48 (RA) nàči sè od vɤ̀lna

So everything [was made] of wool.

49 (a) od vḷ̀na od vḷ̀na

From wool, [yes], from wool.

51 (a) svè od vḷ̀na vrèče àjde če tɤčèmo vrèče da zakàramo žìto

Everything from wool. Bags – let’s weave bags to carry the wheat,

65 (a) ne mògu u žègutu ofcète s vḷ̀nutu

Sheep can’t take the heat when they [are still covered] in wool.

Salaš

251 (a) ìde pa nap ə napḷ̀ni sɤs vḷ̀na s kvò si imàl dè

you go and stuff it with wool, or whatever you had,

252 (a) ama onò vḷ̀na ə na slàmjak se spàlo a kre a tekvòj

but wool [is best]. And then everyone slept on straw, or this –

Srebŭrna 2

2 (c) dà sə srigɤ̀t əmə nə vr’èm:tu ufc’ète vɤ̀lnəta b’è skɤ̀pə b’è

Yes, people shear [them], but in the old days wool brought a good price, you know!

3 (c) sigà jnò k’ilò vɤ̀l’nə də prodəd’èš zə pidisè stutìnki

Now a kilo of wool [only] brings you fifty stotinkas.

7 (c) nìštu nì jə zɤ̀mət tùrcitȅ minòət uttùkə i vìkət

They don’t pay anything for it. These Turks come through here and call out,

8 (c) àjde vɤ̀lna vɤ̀lna zɤ̀məm òr’evi zɤ̀məm i nìštu nè jə plàštət

“Hey there, we buy wool! Wool! We buy walnuts!” but they don’t pay anything for it,

14 (c) i kəkwò jə prirəbòtuə pək sià n’àə kòj də jə prirəbòtuə li

And as for processing the wool, well there’s nobody to do that now,

15 (c) kəkò èj ut tùj xòrtə vèk’e sə utkàzuwə ut t’ès ufc’è

and I guess that’s why people here have already quit keeping sheep –

16 (c) štòtu nìštu ni plàštət vɤ̀lnətə

because nobody pays anything for the wool.

18 (c) a pək nìj sel’endùr:tȅ nəučèni səs vɤ̀l’n’eni čuràpi

But us simple country folk, we’ve grown up with these woolen socks,

20 (c) vɤ̀l’n’eni el’èčətə

and woolen vests,

22 (c) i nòsim tùkətɤ̀jki i sjà n’àma məšìni li n’àmə də jə prirəbòtvət

and we wear them here. None now though, and no machines or whatever to process it.

43 (RA) strìžeš ə ovcàta i kəkvò pràviš səs vɤ̀lnata

shear a sheep, and what did you do with the wool?

44 (c) vɤ̀lnətə jə̟ pàrim

We scald the wool.

46 (c) i jә̟ pàrim i pràimi čeìs às kò ti kàəm kətù

We scald it, and make it up into dowry [items]. What can I tell you?

54 (c) nə ču̥šmɤ̀tə də jə pirèš sə wrɤ̀štəš pək jə č’èpkəš

to the well to wash the wool, then you go back, then you card it –

83 (c) də ti kàžə dvənàjs kilà vɤ̀lnə səm gùdilə

Let me tell you, I put twelve kilos of wool [into the dowry]

84 (c) nə inɤ̀tə unùkə i nə drùgətə dvənàjs kilà

of one granddaughter, and twelve kilos for the other.

Stakevci 4

95 (f) ne smò umejàli da si ispletèmo vḷnèlu

[but] we didn’t know how to knit sweaters.

130 (f) da si ispletè sɤ̀k kvè vanèle pletù ot ə vḷ̀nu

to knit for themselves. Now they knit all sorts of pullovers from wool

Stalevo 1

1 (GK) tì štòm si rabòtila vs’àkva ràbota znàči i i vɤ̀lna si rabòtila

Since you’ve done all sorts of work, I guess you’ve worked with wool too.

2 (a) ohò vɤ̀lna č’èrgi trì etɤ̀rvi i màmə rèč’ə tuvà ìməše daràcɨ̥

Oho! Wool, rugs – Three sisters-in-law! And Mom said there were carding machines.

4 (a) i zə jə uč’èpkəme tàə vʌ̀lnə krìv dəràk reče

So we’ll card this wool [ourselves, with a] slanted carder,” she said.

23 (a) isper’èm tàə vʌ̀lnə i s’è̝tn’e č’èpkəj i s’è̝tn’e vlàči

We wash the wool, then we pick it over by hand, and then we card it.

24 (GK) tɤ̀j kàk se čèpkə nə nə nə

Yes. And how do you pick it over it, by, by, by –

25 (a) təkà č’èpkəj tàə vɤ̀lnə zə ə rəsč’èpkə zə a rəsč’èp

Like this. Pick the wool over, you’ll pick it over, you’ll –

26 (a) i zə jə izvlàčiš

and then you’ll card it.

33 (GK) i vɤ̀lnata kədè e

And where’s the wool?

34 (a) vɤ̀lnətə f rəkʌ̀tə dəržìš i təkà i zə vrʌ̀tkəš i

You hold the wool in your hand like this, and you’ll rotate [the spindle] and –

35 (GK) n’àmaxte li nèšto da slàgate vɤ̀lnata tàm da ja vrɤ̀zvate

Didn’t you have something to put the wool on, to tie it

36 (GK) nə nègo xùrka ili

onto, a distaff or -

37 (a) n’àmə t’à sə vʌ̀rzvə d’èt sa mùcə

No [not at all]. You tie it down [in the spot] where [you] spin-twist it –

39 (a) d’et sə mùcə vɤ̀lnətə

where you spin-twist the wool.

40 (a) pək tàə d’èt sə zə č’èrgi t’à e təkà dib’èlə

The [wool] that is [intended] for rugs is [spun] thick, like this.

50 (GK) i kakvò se izmùcva uttàm ut tvà ut ut

And what gets spin-twisted from this, from, from –

51 (a) ud vəlnʌ̀tə

From the wool.

Stančov Han 1

36 (a) әmi tɤ̀j sәs vɤ̀lnenu c’àlutu vɤ̀lnenu tәkànu dumàšnu i

Well, it’s – woolen, the whole of it, wool woven at home,

Stoilovo 1

27 (a) ròvi vɤ̀l’neni č’erv’èni zel’èni sìni nòsehme

[the] woolen clothing [that] we wore – red, green, blue –

30 (a) vɤ̀l’neni č’uràpi pl’èteni

Woolen socks, hand knitted.

Šumnatica 3

218 (b) ə z vòdə be še gu izmìeš də iščìstiš vàlnətə

Well, with water of course! You wash it to clean the wool

Sŭrnica 2

33 (MM) dà a vɤ̀lnata kàk ja rabòtite vìe

Yes. And wool – how do you process that?

34 (a) vɤ̀lnətà li

Wool?

35 (MM) dà

Yes.

36 (a) nəlì tàm udnis’èš’ kəzànə nə

Well, you know, you take it to the cauldron, to …

37 (b) nə rekàtə

To the river.

38 (a) nə kurìtutu tàmkənə nə piràlnətə i pupàriš’ jə

… to the trough there, to the washing place and you steam it.

39 (MM) taka

Right.

40 (a) pu jnò rùnu ud inà ufcà

One fleece at a time, from a single sheep.

41 (MM) e zaštò ja popàrvaš

Ah, and why do you steam it?

42 (a) idìn č’uvàl də vrì f kəzànə s’ərɤ̀tə də izlez’è

[We put] a sack [of wool] to boil in the cauldron to get rid of the “sera”

43 (MM) à serɤ̀ta

Ah – the “sera”?

44 (a) məzninɤ̀tə də izləz’è serɤ̀tə nə vɤ̀lnətə pupàriš’ jə təkòənə

The grease. You steam the wool like that so the “sera” (grease) will come out,

45 (a) sl’èt tvà jə fɤ̀rl’əš’ f stud’ènutu kurìtu pà

After that you throw it into the cold trough again …

46 (b) izmìvəš tòo

You wash this –

47 (a) pà tàm də sə ispir’è

so it gets all washed through again.

48 (MM) da

Yes.

49 (a) sl’ət tvà slàgəš’ pàg drùgu rùnu ud ufcɤ̀ f kəzànə

And after that you put another fleece from [another] sheep in the cauldron.

50 (a) mə ìməž d’èset mə ìməž dvàjsi runà vɤ̀lnə i sìč’ki

Whether ten or twenty fleeces of wool, they all

51 (a) idnìč’ku pu idnìč’ku š’ə gi prikàrəš’ v gur’ɤ̀štətə vòdə f kəzànə

get done one by one. You process them [all] in hot water

52 (a) i sl’ət tvà v’èč’ə f stud’ènətə vòdə š’ə gi pir’èš’

and after that you wash them in cold water

53 (a) kòlku si ìskəš’

as much as you want.

121 (a) dumàš’ni ɛ̀bi si pràvehme č’ɤ̀rnite vɤ̀lni si pà

We’d make “aba” (coarse homespun). Yes, [it’s] from the black wool

122 (a) pràvena əbɤ̀ dumàš’nə zə məž’ètu pəntəlòne

[that] coarse homespun is made, and [from that] trousers for the men.

126 (b) səs čèrnə vɤ̀lnə

From black wool.

166 (a) dumàš’ni turbì si təč’ème č’ɛ̀nti dumàš’ni vɤ̀l’neni pàk

homemade bags. We weave smaller homemade bags, also out of woolen.

Sveta Petka 1

1 (MM) bàbo Eminè jà da mi kàžeš kato pòčneš i ostrižèš vɤ̀lnata

Granny Emine – tell me now, when you begin to shear the wool [from the sheep]

2 (MM) kàk ja rabòtiš dokato stìgneš də da ja tɤčèš

how do you process it until you get to the point where you can weave it?

3 (a) kato ostrigà ufcè̝te tùriš’ mìješ’ jɤ su vudàtә isɤ̀wne

After I shear the sheep you put it in water, and wash it, [then] it dries,

4 (a) i e tәkà kàktu ә rәbòtim nìe č’eš’à ja tәkà

and then what we do is I comb it like this,

5 (a) pòčnә dә seà nә vlàč’ene

and then it’s time [to go] to the carding.

15 (a) i gu pràvea nә nìška ali pa i

And they would make it into threads, or [also]

18 (a) nә golèmi kòtki tòlki è

into big hanks [of wool] – they’re this big.

20 (a) i si go kàč’aš’ i si go prid’èš’

And you put that [onto the distaff] and you spin it.

57 (a) sàmo za prestèlki sàmo za pokrìfki tavà za pres zә tәkòvә

We only [weave fabric] for aprons, only for coverings, and such.

60 (MM) aha e tovà sa vɤ̀lneni takà li

Aha. And those are woolen, right?

61 (a) za vɤ̀lna aha

Woolen, yes.

147 (MM) i sàmo vɤ̀lna li rabòtixte vìe

So did you all only work with wool?

148 (c) emi vɤ̀lnenu rəbòtim f razbòe

Well, we work with woolen things on the loom.

149 (a) tò n’àma fnògu vɤ̀lnenu tavà imàa pu tri č’ètiri pèd bràvi

There’s not much wool [to be had]. Each has only three-four-five head of sheep.

151 (a) tə tò tùk gul’ɛ̀mi vɤ̀lni n’àmaš’e əmi

There never was a lot of wool here.

152 (a) nɛ̀kuj ìmə tri č’ètiri p’ètᵊ nɛ̀kuj ìmə sèdem òsem

Some have three, four, or five [sheep], some have seven or eight.

153 (c) n’àkoj si kùpi

Some buy [wool].

156 (a) tò n’àma gulɛ̀mi

There aren’t large …

158 (a) bil’ùci

… herds [around here] …

160 (a) tə də e imàlu f gulɛ̀mi vɤ̀lni əmi tò zbìrə

… to have produced a lot of wools. So you have to collect it

161 (a) zə ədnɤ̀ gudìnə əlì zə dvè tugà gu nàtč’i

over a year, or two. And then – weave it all!

Tihomir 1

204 (GK) kakvò istègl'aš ottàm gòre dèto go vrɤ̀zvaš kàk mu kàzvaš

What is it that you pull from [what] you’ve tied up there, how do you call that?

207 (a) kɔ̀del'ke

The wool on the distaff.

211 (a) kɔ̀del'ke i na hùrkɔ

The wool on the distaff, and the distaff [itself].

212 (GK) i kakvò istègl'aš ot kòdel'k'a

And what is it you pull out from the wool on the distaff?

215 (a) t'ènkata č'e mi pò pa màlko pò pa màlka apìn'aš kɔ̀del'k'ata

“Fine” - you pull from the wool on the distaff more and more gently.

217 (a) žìčkɤ pò pa màlkə žič apìn'aš vɔ̀lnata

[Yes,] a thread. You pull a smaller thread [from] the wool.

220 (a) pò agà ìšteš pò deb'èlka pò mlòčka apìn'aš vɔ̀lnata

And if you want a thicker [thread], you pull more [of the] wool.

221 (a) i na hùrkata zakàč'ena kɔ̀del'č’ica i zav’ɔ̀žeme na kɔ̀del'k'ana

The wool is attached to the distaff, we tie it [all] onto the wool on the distaff.

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wool

Oborište 1

Repljana 3

Salaš

Srebŭrna 2

Stakevci 4

Stalevo 1

Stančov Han 1

Stoilovo 1

Šumnatica 3

Sŭrnica 2

Sveta Petka 1

Tihomir 1

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