Vladimir Zhobov
Babjak 1
Commentary on the text:
When the investigator’s words are transcribed in brackets, it means they do not appear on the audio but are rather reconstructed to recreate the sense of the original conversation. These words appear in English translation only in Glossed View, in both English and Bulgarian in Line View, and in Bulgarian only in Cyrillic Line View.
1 (VZh) [How did you bake bread?]
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2 (a) [0:00] About flour. When they put [it] in a small trough, then –
| about | flour sg n def | nom 3pl | now adv | when conj | put 3pl pres P | thus adv | in | one sg n adj | trough sg n | and | [...] |
3 (a) [0:05] then they sift it, they sift it there and [then]
| and | [...] | [...] | [...] | sift 3pl pres P | acc n 3sg clt | there adv | sift 3pl pres P | acc n 3sg clt | and |
4 (a) [0:08] you stretch [the dough] this way and that, and then you make
| and | acc n 3sg clt | stretch 3sg pres P | back adv | to | thus adv | to | thus adv | leave 3sg pres I |
5 (a) [0:11] a space in the middle and [before you] put the bread [in] to bake,
| in | middle sg f def | place sg n | and | dat n 3sg clt | put 3sg pres P | hes | hes | bread sg m | comp | acc m 3sg clt | bake 3sg pres I |
6 (a) [0:15] you'll put yeast in it. Then you'll take [the dough] and mix it,
| fut | dat n 3sg clt | put 3sg pres P | yeast sg f | and | fut | begin 3sg pres P | comp | acc m 3sg clt | mix 3sg pres P |
7 (a) [0:18] mix [it], and then you'll pour – you'll salt the water.
| mix 3sg pres P | there adv | fut | pour 3sg pres P | fut | dat refl clt | acc f 3sg clt | salt 3sg pres P | water sg f def |
8 (a) [0:21] You'll get a little salt, and you'll throw it into it (the water),
| fut | acc f 3sg clt | make 3sg pres P | with | this sg m adj | with | little adv | salt sg f | fut | throw 3sg pres P | in | acc f 3sg |
9 (a) [0:24] and then you'll mix it, and knead it well,
| and | fut | acc n 3sg clt | mix 3sg pres P | and | fut | acc n 3sg clt | knead 3sg pres P | nicely adv |
10 (a) [0:27] and get it ready so it can sit, so as to ...
| and | fut | acc n 3sg clt | prepare 3sg pres P | and | nom sg n | fut | sit 3sg pres P | and | comp | acc refl clt |
11 (c) [0:29] To ferment, to ferment!
| comp | ferment 3sg pres I | comp | ferment 3sg pres I |
12 (a) [0:30] … so as to ferment a little. And when it starts to rise such that
| comp | acc refl clt | ferment 3sg pres P | little | when conj | begin 3sg pres P | comp | rise 3sg pres P | thus adv | comp |
13 (a) [0:34] it looks like it has fermented, then you take it
| comp | give 3sg pres I | comp | acc refl clt | fut | acc refl clt | 3sg pres aux clt | ferment sg m L.part P | acc refl clt | take 3sg pres P |
14 (a) [0:37] and knead it and make it into ...
| comp | acc n 3sg clt | knead 3sg pres P | comp | acc n 3sg clt | make 3sg pres P | in |
15 (c) [0:40] loaves.
| loaf pl m |
16 (a) [0:40] ... into loaves, like that.
| in | loaf pl m | disc |
17 (c) [0:41] Loaves like that.
| loaf pl m | disc |
18 (VZh) [What do you do next?]
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19 (a) [0:43] Then later you put it into that – Later you put it
| and | after adv | acc m 3sg clt | hes | hes | put 3sg pres I | in | disc | after adv | acc m 3sg clt | put 3sg pres I |
20 (a) [0:47] into the oven. [Like] the outdoor oven, but this oven is small. It's a “pesh”,
| in | oven sg f def | oven sg f | but | nom f 3sg | oven sg f | small sg f adj | oven sg f |
21 (a) [0:50] it's not the big oven. The big ones are called, you know – “furna”,
| neg | 3sg pres cop clt | big sg f adj | oven sg f | big sg f adj | acc refl clt | call 3sg pres I | to | [ ... ] | in | oven sg f def |
22 (a) [0:55] the big oven. But this one is smaller, the “pesh”. It takes up to …
| big sg f def adj | oven sg f | hes | that sg n adj | more | little sg f adj | oven sg f | hold 3sg pres I | to |
23 (c) [0:56] Twenty.
| twenty |
24 (a) [0:56] … twenty breads, up to twenty loaves of bread. But they're bigger
| twenty | bread ct m | to | twenty | loaf pl m | bread pl m | but | nom 3pl | more | big pl adj |
25 (a) [1:00] [loaves] of bread. They're not like these little ones. Those are big –
| bread pl m def | neg | 3pl pres cop clt | as | this pl adj | little pl adj | that pl adj | 3pl pres cop clt | big pl adj |
26 (a) [1:03] the bread loaves are this big – they['re made] to last longer.
| ost | so.big pl adj | thus adv | big pl adj | bread pl m | this pl adj | comp | last 3sg pres I | more adv |
27 (a) [1:07] And when you take the bread to cut it into big chunks, you cut off
| there adv | when conj | take 2sg pres P | comp | slice 2sg pres I | bread sg m def | slice sg f | big f adj | cut.off 2sg pres P | dat refl clt |
28 (a) [1:11] [chunks] from this [big] bread, and that's what people ate. It might
| from | this sg m adj | bread sg m | acc refl clt | feed 3pl impf I | can pres imprs | comp |
29 (a) [1:13] go a bit sour, it might get air holes in it, but there was nothing else.
| go.sour 3sg pres P | can pres imprs | comp | get.air.pockets 3sg pres P | but | from | acc m 3sg | pres neg exist | other sg m adj |
30 (a) [1:17] Now people want to have fresh bread, and they make sure that it is softer,
| now adv | seek 3pl pres I | fresh indcl adj | now adv | have 3pl pres I | bread sg m | and | watch 3pl pres I | comp | 3sg pres cop clt | more | soft sg m adj |
31 (a) [1:21] that it's not stale, that it's edible. [And that's] how it is.
| comp | neg | 3sg pres cop clt | hard sg m adj | comp | acc refl clt | eat 3sg pres I | and | thus adv |