Vŭrbina 1

Vyrbina1.new_.mp3

1 (VZh) And what do you do at the threshing floor?

and

на

xarmàna

threshing.floor sg m def

what sg n interr

do 2pl pres I

2 (a) [0:02] At the threshing floor we make sheaves. Sheaves – and we made them

nə

на

hərmànən

threshing.floor sg m def dist

again adv

acc m 3sg clt

make 1pl pres I

sheaf pl m

sheaf pl m

and

make 1pl impf I

acc m 3sg clt

pile pl f

3 (a) [0:06] into small piles and they dry, and then thresh it with hinnies.

and

dry 3sg pres P

and

then med adv

acc m 3sg clt

again adv

with

hinny pl m

acc sg n 3sg

thresh 1pl pres I

4 (a) [0:12] We thresh the wheat and [what] remains is straw. And down below

thresh 1pl pres I

wheat sg f def dist

and

and

[...]

remain 3sg pres I

straw sg f

and

from

от

nɨ̀sku

below adv

нисък

5 (a) [0:18] the wheat is there on the threshing floor.

grain sg n def dist

remain 3sg pres I

threshing.floor sg m def

харман

6 (VZh) [Say that again?]

[...]

7 (a) [0:22] OK, I will. So – when they take out [what needs to be threshed], the mules thresh it.

fut

say 1sg pres I

threshing.floor sg m def

when inter.rel

acc m 3sg clt

extract 3pl pres P

thresh 3pl pres P

acc m 3sg clt

mule pl n def dist

8 (a) [0:26] And then we push the straw over to one side

and

then med adv

acc m 3sg clt

push 1pl pres P

straw sg f def dist

one sg m adj

end sg m

9 (a) [0:28] and we sweep the wheat into a pile. [Then] we have these sieves, like the ones

and

wheat sg f def dist

sweep 1pl pres P

pile sg m

and

have 1pl pres I

dat refl clt

sieve pl n

like med

sieve sg n

10 (a) [0:32] where you sift flour, and then we lift it up, we lift up the chaff

rel prox

pour 3pl pres P

flour sg n

and

acc n 3sg clt

raise 1pl pres P

and

raise 1pl pres P

chaff sg f def dist

11 (a) [0:36] and that’s how – that’s how we’ve winnowed it [all].

and

thus dist adv

thus dist adv

acc n 3sg clt

1pl pres aux clt

winnow pl L.part I

12 (VZh) [Did you keep sheep?]

[ ... ]

13 (a) [0:39] We keep sheep. We took on a shepherd [who] takes them out to pasture for us

sheep pl f def dist

acc 3pl

look 1pl pres I

shepherd sg m

catch 1pl impf I

and

dat 1pl clt

acc 3pl clt

pasture 3sg pres I

14 (a) [0:42] and brings them back to the cellar [where] we’ve piled up oak leaves

and

bring 3sg pres I

acc 3pl clt

cellar sg m def dist

and

leaf.pile pl m

pile.up 1pl aor I

from

oak sg n adj

leaves coll

15 (a) [0:47] [and other] leaf cuttings. We fed them that way, and the shepherd takes them to graze

prune sg n P.part P

leaf.pile pl m

and

feed 1pl impf I

acc 3pl clt

thus dist adv

and

pasture 3sg pres I

dat 1pl clt

acc 3pl clt

shepherd sg m

16 (a) [0:51] up above Les, to all the places up in the hills around here.

above adv

Les sg m place

from.here adv

above adv

everywhere adv

17 (VZh) [And when do you milk the sheep?]

[ … ]

18 (a) [0:56] We milk them after we separate them from the lambs, and [get] milk –

when inter.rel

from

lamb pl n def dist

remove 1pl pres P

then med adv

milk 1pl pres I

sheep pl f def dist

and

and

milk sg n

19 (a) [1:01] fresh [milk and yogurt] and butter – there’s everything [you need]; and we gathered

and

fresh sg n adj

and

butter sg n

pres exist

everything sg n adj

hes

gather pl L.part I

1pl pres aux clt

20 (a) [1:05] [sufficient] fat. We had quite a lot of sheep.

fat pl n

but

many adv

sheep pl f

have 1pl impf I

21 (a) [1:07] It wasn’t [like now]. Each [of us] had "altmŭš" (60) [that is] "šejset" (60) head of sheep.

neg

3sg impf cop

sixty

head sg m

sixty

sheep pl f

and

22 (a) [1:14] My father was a shepherd and had – we had our own [summer pasture] hut.

and

father sg m def dist

dat refl clt

dat 1sg clt

3sg impf cop

shepherd sg m

dat refl clt

have 3sg impf I

and

hut sg f

dat refl clt

have 1pl impf I

23 (a) [1:17] We didn’t keep [the sheep] here: you can’t do it here in the village.

and

and

acc 3pl clt

1pl pres aux clt

neg

here adv

look pl L.part I

disc

here adv

neg

can pres imprs

village sg n def prox

село

24 (a) [1:22] [You have to go] far off in the summer pasture hut, an hour’s [walk] away.

ost

far adv

hut sg f

one sg m adj

hour sg m

road sg m

25 (a) [1:26] That’s where we kept them, in the summer hut.

and

there adv

acc 3pl clt

look 1pl impf I

hut sg f def dist

26 (VZh) [And did you used to go to Komotini?

[ … ]

27 (a) [1:30] [No,] we didn’t go to Komotini. [No,] we weren’t

neg

1pl pres aux clt

go pl L.part I

nom 1pl

Gyumyurdzhina sg f place

but

nom 1pl

neg

1pl pres aux clt

pl L.part cop

nom 1pl

28 (a) [1:33] rich [enough] to [be able] to go to Komotini. [laughter]

some.kind pl adj

rich pl adj

and

comp

go 1pl pres P

Gyumyurdzhina sg f place

Гюмюрджина

29 (a) [1:35] [We stayed] here and earned our keep from the hut. If you slaughter [your animals]

disc

here adv

rel med

dat refl clt

earn 1pl aor P

hut sg f def dist

and

if conj

ако

zəkòl’əš’

slaughter 2sg pres P

заколя

30 (a) [1:39] and sell [the meat], you’ll have money. If you don’t slaughter and sell [your livestock]

if conj

sell 2sg pres P

fut

comp

have 2sg pres I

money pl.t

if conj

neg

slaughter 2sg pres P

and

neg

не

prudàvəš’

sell 2sg pres I

продавам

31 (a) [1:40] you won’t have money. Always suffering [laughter] without anything at all.

fut neg

comp

have 2sg pres I

neither

money pl.t

who sg m rel med adj

only adv

suffer 3sg pres I

and

pres neg exist

nothing indcl

32 (a) [1:45] We didn’t go to Komotini to work. Our [men] would go to –

neg

1pl pres aux clt

go pl L.part I

Gyumyurdzhina sg f place

comp

work 1pl pres I

our pl def med adj

go 3pl impf I

33 (a) [1:52] to Haskovo, to Kurdzhali, and – and to Plovdiv.

Haskovo sg n place

and

Kurdzhali sg m place

and

Plovdiv sg m place

34 (a) [1:58] They went there by foot. It took two days walking

and

nom 3pl

3pl pres aux clt

go pl L.part I

walking adv

two m

day ct m

comp

walk 2sg pres I

35 (a) [2:01] to get to Plovdiv. Where were there any cars? There weren’t any!

Plovdiv sg m place

comp

go 2sg pres P

where interr

where interr

3sg pres aux clt

sg f L.part cop

car sg f

neg

3sg pres aux clt

L.part exist

36 (VZh) [What did the men do for a living?]

[...]

37 (a) [2:06] Our menfolk earned enough to keep us fed. Not like now, though,

our pl def med adj

man pl m

3pl pres aux clt

earn pl L.part I

comp

acc 1pl clt

feed 3pl pres I

but

how interr

disc

not

now adv

38 (a) [2:11] they way we enjoy life now. They bring flour to you already ground,

like prox

thus prox adv

comp

go.through 1pl pres I

and

life sg m

flour sg n def dist

dat 2sg clt

acc n 3sg clt

bring 3pl pres P

grind sg n P.part P

39 (a) [2:15] they bring wool to you as already spun yarn. This kind of life is easy!

wool sg f def dist

dat 2sg clt

bring 3pl pres P

spin sg n P.part P

yarn sg n

disc

acc refl clt

easy adv

thus prox adv

live 3sg pres I

40 (a) [2:20] But the way we lived – ! I’ve lived through "doksan" (90) years.

but

how interr

1pl pres aux clt

nom 1pl

live pl L.part I

and

and

and

1sg pres aux clt

live sg f L.part I

ninety

year pl f

41 (a) [2:24] I’ve passed "doksan" (90) [birthdays].

ninety

1sg pres aux clt

pass sg f L.part P

42 (VZh) [So how old are you exactly?]

[...]

43 (a) [2:27] Ninety-two.

ninety

and

two f

44 (VZh) And your sister?

and

sestrà

sister sg f

сестра

dat 2sg clt

ти

45 (a) [2:32] My sister? My sister is dead.

sister sg f def med

sister sg f def med

die sg f L.part P

my sg f def dist adj

sister sg f

46 (VZh) Do you have a brother?

brother sg m

have 2sg pres I

interr clt

47 (a) [2:36] A brother?

bràt

brother sg m

брат

48 (VZh) Yes.

dà

yes

да

49 (a) [2:38] I have one brother, he lives nearby.

have 1sg pres I

one sg m adj

brother sg m

here adv

3sg pres cop clt

near adv

50 (VZh) How old is he?

how.many interr

3sg pres cop clt

51 (a) [2:41] He’s not old at all, he’s around "altmŭš" (60).

nom m 3sg

3sg pres cop clt

neg

3sg pres cop clt

some.kind sg m adj

old sg m adj

nom m 3sg

3sg pres cop clt

sixty

and

52 (a) [2:44] "Altmŭš-jedi" (67) maybe? I don’t know how old he is.

sixty

seven

interr clt

3sg pres cop clt

neg

know 1sg pres I

how.many interr

53 (VZh) Ah. How much is "altmŭš-jedi" (67) in Bulgarian? "Šejset i sedem" (67)?

excl

and

Bulgarian sg m adj

how interr

3sg pres cop clt

sixty

seven

sixty

and

seven

54 (a) [2:48] Hah, hah! "Šejset i sedem" (67) years old.

excl

excl

sixty

and

seven

year pl f

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a

Vŭrbina 1

1 (VZh) And what do you do at the threshing floor?

2 (a) [0:02] At the threshing floor we make sheaves. Sheaves – and we made them

3 (a) [0:06] into small piles and they dry, and then thresh it with hinnies.

4 (a) [0:12] We thresh the wheat and [what] remains is straw. And down below

5 (a) [0:18] the wheat is there on the threshing floor.

6 (VZh) [Say that again?]

7 (a) [0:22] OK, I will. So – when they take out [what needs to be threshed], the mules thresh it.

8 (a) [0:26] And then we push the straw over to one side

9 (a) [0:28] and we sweep the wheat into a pile. [Then] we have these sieves, like the ones

10 (a) [0:32] where you sift flour, and then we lift it up, we lift up the chaff

11 (a) [0:36] and that’s how – that’s how we’ve winnowed it [all].

12 (VZh) [Did you keep sheep?]

13 (a) [0:39] We keep sheep. We took on a shepherd [who] takes them out to pasture for us

14 (a) [0:42] and brings them back to the cellar [where] we’ve piled up oak leaves

15 (a) [0:47] [and other] leaf cuttings. We fed them that way, and the shepherd takes them to graze

16 (a) [0:51] up above Les, to all the places up in the hills around here.

17 (VZh) [And when do you milk the sheep?]

18 (a) [0:56] We milk them after we separate them from the lambs, and [get] milk –

19 (a) [1:01] fresh [milk and yogurt] and butter – there’s everything [you need]; and we gathered

20 (a) [1:05] [sufficient] fat. We had quite a lot of sheep.

21 (a) [1:07] It wasn’t [like now]. Each [of us] had "altmŭš" (60) [that is] "šejset" (60) head of sheep.

22 (a) [1:14] My father was a shepherd and had – we had our own [summer pasture] hut.

23 (a) [1:17] We didn’t keep [the sheep] here: you can’t do it here in the village.

24 (a) [1:22] [You have to go] far off in the summer pasture hut, an hour’s [walk] away.

25 (a) [1:26] That’s where we kept them, in the summer hut.

26 (VZh) [And did you used to go to Komotini?

27 (a) [1:30] [No,] we didn’t go to Komotini. [No,] we weren’t

28 (a) [1:33] rich [enough] to [be able] to go to Komotini. [laughter]

29 (a) [1:35] [We stayed] here and earned our keep from the hut. If you slaughter [your animals]

30 (a) [1:39] and sell [the meat], you’ll have money. If you don’t slaughter and sell [your livestock]

31 (a) [1:40] you won’t have money. Always suffering [laughter] without anything at all.

32 (a) [1:45] We didn’t go to Komotini to work. Our [men] would go to –

33 (a) [1:52] to Haskovo, to Kurdzhali, and – and to Plovdiv.

34 (a) [1:58] They went there by foot. It took two days walking

35 (a) [2:01] to get to Plovdiv. Where were there any cars? There weren’t any!

36 (VZh) [What did the men do for a living?]

37 (a) [2:06] Our menfolk earned enough to keep us fed. Not like now, though,

38 (a) [2:11] they way we enjoy life now. They bring flour to you already ground,

39 (a) [2:15] they bring wool to you as already spun yarn. This kind of life is easy!

40 (a) [2:20] But the way we lived – ! I’ve lived through "doksan" (90) years.

41 (a) [2:24] I’ve passed "doksan" (90) [birthdays].

42 (VZh) [So how old are you exactly?]

43 (a) [2:27] Ninety-two.

44 (VZh) And your sister?

45 (a) [2:32] My sister? My sister is dead.

46 (VZh) Do you have a brother?

47 (a) [2:36] A brother?

48 (VZh) Yes.

49 (a) [2:38] I have one brother, he lives nearby.

50 (VZh) How old is he?

51 (a) [2:41] He’s not old at all, he’s around "altmŭš" (60).

52 (a) [2:44] "Altmŭš-jedi" (67) maybe? I don’t know how old he is.

53 (VZh) Ah. How much is "altmŭš-jedi" (67) in Bulgarian? "Šejset i sedem" (67)?

54 (a) [2:48] Hah, hah! "Šejset i sedem" (67) years old.

1 (VZh) a na xarmàna kvo pràite

And what do you do at the threshing floor?

2 (a) [0:02] nə hərmànən pàk gu pràime snòpkove snòpuv’e i i pràihme gu kuš’ìnki

At the threshing floor we make sheaves. Sheaves – and we made them

3 (a) [0:06] ta isɤ̀hne i tugàvə gu pàk səs kətɯ̀re gu vərš’è̝me

into small piles and they dry, and then thresh it with hinnies.

4 (a) [0:12] vərš’è̝me pš’enìcənə i i jɨ u ustànvə slàma i ud nɨ̀sku

We thresh the wheat and [what] remains is straw. And down below

5 (a) [0:18] žɨ̀tunu ustànvə nə hərmànə

the wheat is there on the threshing floor.

6 (VZh) [Раскажи пак?]

[Say that again?]

7 (a) [0:22] š’ə kàzvəm nə hərmànə əgà gu izvàd’ət uvərhɤ̀d gu mùl’etənə

OK, I will. So – when they take out [what needs to be threshed], the mules thresh it.

8 (a) [0:26] i tugàvə gu zətìkəme slàmənə nə ədìn kràj

And then we push the straw over to one side

9 (a) [0:28] i pš’enìcənə sm’ətè̝me nə kùp i ìməme si reš’età kətu sɨ̀tu

and we sweep the wheat into a pile. [Then] we have these sieves, like the ones

10 (a) [0:32] dèsu sìp’ət bràšnu tə gu vdìgneme i vdìgnem pl’əvɤ̀nə