Tǔrnjane 2

Tyrnjane2.newest.mp3

1 (ED) And did you grow hemp?

and

hemp pl.t

look pl L.part I

interr clt

2pl pres aux clt

2 (a) [0:03] Oh yes, we sowed hemp. When you sow hemp, some [plants] are white,

hemp pl.t

excl

sow pl L.part I

1pl pres aux clt

hemp pl.t

and

when conj

acc 3pl clt

sow 1pl pres P

one pl adj

3pl pres cop clt

white pl adj

3 (a) [0:10] and we call the others black hemp. The black ones make seeds.

and

other def pl adj

dat 3pl clt

call 1pl pres I

black pl adj

hemp pl.t

black pl def adj

make 3pl pres I

seed sg n

4 (ED) Yes.

yes

да

5 (a) [0:15] But the white ones don’t. We harvest the white ones first,

and

white pl def adj

fut neg

produce 3pl pres I

and

gather 1pl pres I

before adv

white pl def adj

6 (ED) Yes

yes

да

7 (a) [0:18] and take them to the river to soak them.

and

acc 3pl clt

drive 1pl pres I

river sg f def

and

acc 3pl clt

soak 1pl pres I

8 (ED) Yes

yes

да

9 (a) [0:22] After they’re well-soaked we take them out and (as we say) we swingle [them].

and

later adv

when conj

soak 3pl pres P

acc 3pl clt

extract 1pl pres P

and

call 1pl pres I

swingle 1pl pres I

10 (ED) Yes. What do you call the device that swingles hemp?

yes

how interr

acc refl clt

say 3sg pres I

this sg m adj

tool sg m

rel

acc refl clt

swingle 3pl pres I

hemp pl.t def

11 (a) [0:37] They make this – swingle.

and

make 3pl pres P

such sg f adj

swingle sg f

12 (ED) Ah, a swingle.

à

excl

mèlica

swingle sg f

мелица

13 (a) [0:41] It’s this long, and in the middle [there’s something] like a knife.

ost

thus adv

long sg n adj

and

thus adv

and

middle sg f def

knife sg m

14 (ED) Yes, yes, yes.

yes

yes

yes

15 (a) [0:46] and we swingle [it].

and

mɤ̀neme

swingle 1pl pres I

мъна

16 (ED) Yes – and then? After it’s –

yes

and

later adv

when conj

acc refl clt

17 (a) [0:53] And then – we card what is left over.

[...]

по

and

[...]

and

later adv

when conj

remain 3sg pres P

this sg n adj

acc 3pl clt

card 1pl pres I

18 (a) [0:57] There’s this carding comb –

pres exist

disc

carding.comb sg m

19 (ED) Ah, right.

à

disc

takà

thus adv

така

20 (a) [1:00] And a carder.

and

daràk

carder sg m

дарак

21 (ED) Yes.

dà

yes

да

22 (a) [1:02] With the carding comb we make a distaff-ful and – I haven’t spun [it],

на

grebenèca

carding.comb sg m def

make 1pl pres I

tow pl n def

and

3pl pres cop clt

nom 1sg

neg

1sg pres aux clt

spin sg f L.part I

23 (a) [1:09] but the grannies have spun it for the warp, and then we’ve woven.

but

granny pl f def

3pl pres aux clt

spin pl L.part I

for

warp sg f

and

1pl pres aux clt

dat refl clt

weave pl f L.part I

24 (a) [1:14] There weren’t blankets back then …

exist impf neg

blanket pl n

then adv

25 (ED) Yes, yes

yes

yes

26 (a) [1:17] … to spread on beds. And there weren’t [things to spread] on the ground.

for

bedspread pl f

bed sg m def

neg

3sg pres aux clt

L.part exist

and

around

ground sg f def

comp

[...]

27 (ED) So for weaving they use the warp, right? And the woof.

and

for

weave def vbl.n I

[ … ]

acc refl clt

use 3sg pres I

interr

warp sg f

and

woof sg m

28 (a) [1:32] And the woof, yes.

and

woof sg m

yes

29 (ED) And the warp can be …

and

warp sg f def

can 3sg pres I

comp

3sg pres cop clt

30 (a) [1:34] The warp.

osnòvata

warp sg f def

основа

31 (ED) … [made] from tow, let’s say, from, uh –

from

tow pl.t

comp

say 1pl pres P

hes

32 (a) [1:38] Yes.

yes

да

33 (ED) from hemp – and it can be from wool –

from

hemp sg m

and

can 3sg pres I

comp

3sg pres cop clt

from

wool sg f

34 (a) [1:42] Ah, no. For hempen [fabric] it can only be from hemp.

disc

hempen sg n def adj

dat refl clt

3sg pres cop clt

only adv

from

hemp sg m

35 (ED) Ah yes.

yes

disc

36 (a) [1:46] And for wool, they can weave only from [a warp made of] wool.

and

for

wool sg f def

only adv

from

wool sg f def

acc refl clt

weave 3pl pres I

37 (a) [1:49] and then [the kinds of] felt, for …

acc 2pl clt

acc 2pl clt

felt pl f def

then adv

for

38 (ED) Yes, yes.

yes

yes

39 (a) [1:52] … fabric for trousers, for clothing.

tunic sg n

for

trousers pl m

for

clothing pl f

40 (ED) What – what kind of felt clothing did old people here wear,

and

here adv

old def pl adj

people pl

how interr

how interr

what.kind pl adj

clothes pl f

3pl pres aux clt

wear pl L.part I

41 (ED) white or black?

white pl adj

black pl adj

42 (a) [2:03] Not white, not white. Black.

not

white pl adj

not

white pl adj

black pl adj

43 (ED) Black.

čèrni

black pl adj

черен

44 (a) [2:06] Yes. And after it’s woven, it’s given to the fulling mill, [as] we call [it] …

yes

when conj

acc refl clt

weave 3pl pres P

acc refl clt

give 3pl pres P

fulling.mill sg f

say 1pl pres I

45 (ED) Yes.

yes

да

46 (a) [2:11] … to full it.

comp

acc 3pl clt

full 3pl pres I

47 (ED) Yes.

yes

да

48 (a) [2:14] To the fuller. And when they take it, and dye it there,

fuller sg m

and

when conj

acc 3pl clt

bring 3pl pres P

and

there adv

acc 3pl clt

dye 3pl pres P

49 (ED) Yes?

yes

да

50 (a) [2:21] [then] they make trousers here.

and

here adv

dat refl clt

make 3pl pres I

trousers pl m

51 (ED) Ah, [you do it] here.

à

excl

tùka

here adv

тук

refl

52 (a) [2:25] Grannies make skirts –

skirt pl f

dat refl clt

make 3pl pres I

granny pl f def

53 (ED) Aha, tunics.

disc

tunic pl m

54 (a) [2:28] Tunics.

sukmàne

tunic pl m

сукман

55 (ED) Tunics.

sukmàne

tunic pl m

сукман

56 (a) [2:31] They make tunics.

tunic pl m

dat refl clt

make 3pl pres I

57 (ED) Uh huh, uh huh.

әhәm

yes

әhәm

yes

58 (a) [2:34] There it is.

tḁkà

thus adv

така

59 (ED) Have you done weaving?

nom 2sg

weave sg f L.part I

interr clt

2sg pres aux clt

60 (a) Hm.

әm

disc

61 (ED) You've woven.

tkàla

weave sg f L.part I

тъка

2sg pres aux clt

съм

62 (a) [2:37] I’ve woven by “navotki” (patterns), and I’ve woven what we call two-ply

weave sg f L.part I

1sg pres aux clt

and

pattern pl f

weave sg f L.part I

1sg pres aux clt

and

what sg n interr

dat n 3sg clt

call 1pl pres I

two.ply adv

63 (ED) Yes.

dà

yes

да

64 (a) [2:42] And four-ply, with four heddles. With two heddles – two heddles is two-ply.

and

quadruple sg n adj

with

four

heddle ct m

with

two m

heddle ct m

with

two

heddle ct m

two.ply adv

65 (ED) Yes.

yes

да

66 (a) [2:49] With four heddles it’s four-ply.

with

four

[...]

heddle ct m

quadruple sg n adj

67 (ED) And you’ve woven according to a “prepis” (pattern)?

and

pattern sg m

weave sg f L.part I

interr clt

2sg pres aux clt

68 (a) [2:54] I’ve woven by a “navotka” (pattern), it’s called “navotka”.

and

weave sg f L.part I

1sg pres aux clt

pattern sg f

this sg n adj

pattern sg f

acc refl clt

say 3sg pres I

69 (ED) “Navotka”.

navòtka

pattern sg f

наводка

70 (a) [2:57] I’ve woven [that way].

weave sg f L.part I

1sg pres aux clt

71 (ED) Uh huh.

әhәm

yes

72 (a) [2:58] and I’ve done weaving by patterns. My mother…

and

sɤm

1sg pres aux clt

съм

navadàla

follow.pattern sg f L.part I

my sg f def adj

mother f sg

73 (ED) And that’s –

and

tovà

this sg n adj

този

3sg pres cop clt

съм

74 (a) [3:03] My mother always said “Goodness sakes, I’m old and

my sg f def adj

mother f sg

all adv

call 2sg impf I

God voc sg m

excl

nom 1sg

1sg pres cop clt

old sg f adj

and

75 (a) [3:08] I don’t know how to weave according to a “navotka”, how did you know

neg

neg

know.how 1sg pres I

comp

comp

follow.pattern 1sg pres I

pattern sg f

and

nom 2sg

how interr

know 2sg pres I

76 (a) [3:13] this – by uh, uh, a “prepiska” (pattern).

and

disc

[...]

[...]

pattern sg f

77 (ED) Yes, by a "prepiska".

yes

pattern sg f

78 (a) [3:15] By a “prepiska”.

по

prèpiska

pattern sg f

преписка

79 (ED) Uh huh.

әhәm

yes

80 (a) [3:17] I’ve woven by a pattern, woven by a pattern, except that

navadàla

follow.pattern sg f L.part I

1sg pres aux clt

follow.pattern sg f L.part I

1sg pres aux clt

weave sg f L.part I

1sg pres aux clt

only adv

that conj

81 (a) [3:21] I couldn’t – I didn’t know how to tie it on.

neg

1sg pres aux clt

[...]

know.how sg f L.part I

neg

1sg pres aux clt

know sg f L.part I

comp

dat refl clt

tie.up 1sg pres I

82 (a) [3:25] You know, when you warp it and put it on the beam, to tie it on.

interr

when conj

acc n 3sg clt

warp 2sg pres P

and

put 2sg pres P

beam sg n def

comp

acc n 3sg clt

tie.up 2sg pres P

83 (a) [3:29] My mother-in-law and my mother would do that for me.

mother.in.law sg f

dat 1sg clt

and

mother f sg

dat 1sg clt

3pl pres aux clt

dat 1sg clt

tie.up pl L.part I

84 (ED) Uh huh.

әhәm

yes

85 (a) [3:34] And they would start the weaving a bit,

and

acc n 3sg clt

weave 3pl pres P

little adv

86 (ED) Yes, yes.

yes

yes

87 (a) [3:36] One time [through], two times [through],

one sg m adj

time sg m

two m

time pl m

88 (ED) For you to begin, and then you –

and

comp

begin 2sg pres P

after adv

and

nom 2sg

89 (a) [3:39] For me to begin.

comp

да

pòčnem

begin 1sg pres P

почна

90 (ED) Uh huh.

əmhəm

bkch

91 (a) [3:41] I was young!

1sg pres aux clt

sg f L.part cop

young f sg adj

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ED

a

Tǔrnjane 2

1 (ED) And did you grow hemp?

2 (a) [0:03] Oh yes, we sowed hemp. When you sow hemp, some [plants] are white,

3 (a) [0:10] and we call the others black hemp. The black ones make seeds.

4 (ED) Yes.

5 (a) [0:15] But the white ones don’t. We harvest the white ones first,

6 (ED) Yes

7 (a) [0:18] and take them to the river to soak them.

8 (ED) Yes

9 (a) [0:22] After they’re well-soaked we take them out and (as we say) we swingle [them].

10 (ED) Yes. What do you call the device that swingles hemp?

11 (a) [0:37] They make this – swingle.

12 (ED) Ah, a swingle.

13 (a) [0:41] It’s this long, and in the middle [there’s something] like a knife.

14 (ED) Yes, yes, yes.

15 (a) [0:46] and we swingle [it].

16 (ED) Yes – and then? After it’s –

17 (a) [0:53] And then – we card what is left over.

18 (a) [0:57] There’s this carding comb –

19 (ED) Ah, right.

20 (a) [1:00] And a carder.

21 (ED) Yes.

22 (a) [1:02] With the carding comb we make a distaff-ful and – I haven’t spun [it],

23 (a) [1:09] but the grannies have spun it for the warp, and then we’ve woven.

24 (a) [1:14] There weren’t blankets back then …

25 (ED) Yes, yes

26 (a) [1:17] … to spread on beds. And there weren’t [things to spread] on the ground.

27 (ED) So for weaving they use the warp, right? And the woof.

28 (a) [1:32] And the woof, yes.

29 (ED) And the warp can be …

30 (a) [1:34] The warp.

31 (ED) … [made] from tow, let’s say, from, uh –

32 (a) [1:38] Yes.

33 (ED) from hemp – and it can be from wool –

34 (a) [1:42] Ah, no. For hempen [fabric] it can only be from hemp.

35 (ED) Ah yes.

36 (a) [1:46] And for wool, they can weave only from [a warp made of] wool.

37 (a) [1:49] and then [the kinds of] felt, for …

38 (ED) Yes, yes.

39 (a) [1:52] … fabric for trousers, for clothing.

40 (ED) What – what kind of felt clothing did old people here wear,

41 (ED) white or black?

42 (a) [2:03] Not white, not white. Black.

43 (ED) Black.

44 (a) [2:06] Yes. And after it’s woven, it’s given to the fulling mill, [as] we call [it] …

45 (ED) Yes.

46 (a) [2:11] … to full it.

47 (ED) Yes.

48 (a) [2:14] To the fuller. And when they take it, and dye it there,

49 (ED) Yes?

50 (a) [2:21] [then] they make trousers here.

51 (ED) Ah, [you do it] here.

52 (a) [2:25] Grannies make skirts –

53 (ED) Aha, tunics.

54 (a) [2:28] Tunics.

55 (ED) Tunics.

56 (a) [2:31] They make tunics.

57 (ED) Uh huh, uh huh.

58 (a) [2:34] There it is.

59 (ED) Have you done weaving?

60 (a) Hm.

61 (ED) You've woven.

62 (a) [2:37] I’ve woven by “navotki” (patterns), and I’ve woven what we call two-ply

63 (ED) Yes.

64 (a) [2:42] And four-ply, with four heddles. With two heddles – two heddles is two-ply.

65 (ED) Yes.

66 (a) [2:49] With four heddles it’s four-ply.

67 (ED) And you’ve woven according to a “prepis” (pattern)?

68 (a) [2:54] I’ve woven by a “navotka” (pattern), it’s called “navotka”.

69 (ED) “Navotka”.

70 (a) [2:57] I’ve woven [that way].

71 (ED) Uh huh.

72 (a) [2:58] and I’ve done weaving by patterns. My mother…

73 (ED) And that’s –