Maksim Mladenov
Sŭrnica 4
1 (MM) Recall for me what houses were like in the old days.
| hort | comp | dat refl clt | recall 2sg pres P | nom 2sg | what.kind pl adj | 3pl impf cop | house pl f def | one sg n adj | time sg n |
2 (a) [0:06] [They were] wooden. Well, my – our house …
| wooden pl adj | disc | my sg f def adj | house sg f | our sg f def adj |
3 (MM) What was there in a –
| what sg n interr | impf exist | in | one f sg adj |
4 (a) [0:08] … where I live …
| where rel | live 1sg pres I | nom 1sg |
5 (MM) What was – what was it like inside a [typical] house?
| […] | what.kind sg f adj | [ … ] | what sg n interr | impf exist | in | one f sg adj | house sg f def |
6 (a) [0:10] Oho! [when] it rains, the boards above drip on us!
| excl | precipitate 3sg pres I | from.above adv | precipitate 3sg pres I | board pl f def | drip 3pl pres I | onto | acc 1pl |
7 (b) [0:13] [laughter]
|
|
8 (a) [0:14] The wooden roof beams that – my father [unintelligible] –
| joint sg f | wood pl n | ridge pl n | disc | thus med adv | my sg m def adj | father sg m |
9 (a) [0:19] the beams were inserted …
| with | ridge pl n | cut pl P.part P |
10 (MM) Right –
| thus adv |
11 (a) [0:21] from here to here, another one fitted in, [you know how] they hook [them in],
| from.here adv | from.here adv | other sg n def adj | cut sg n P.part P | acc 3pl clt | hook 3pl pres I |
12 (a) [0:24] And over here, it was – there was red mud.
| and | here adv | 3sg pres cop clt | with | with | red sg f adj | mud sg f | exist impf |
13 (b) [0:28] [It was made] of clay.
| from | clay sg f |
14 (a) [0:28] From here over to where the wires are, there is red mud.
| here adv | onward adv | where rel | pres exist | wire pl m | there adv | pres exist | red sg f adj | mud sg f |
15 (a) [0:31] You plaster it on between the roof beams so there won’t be any holes – like that.
| between | ridge pl n def | smear 2sg pres I | comp | pres neg exist | hole pl f | ost | thus med adv |
16 (b) [0:35] So there won’t be a draft.
| comp | neg | blow 3sg pres I |
17 (MM) Mm.
|
bkch
|
18 (a) [0:36] You plaster it enough to be able to live properly.
| smear 2sg pres I | thus med adv | comp | acc refl clt | live 3sg pres I | acc refl clt | live 3sg pres I |
19 (a) [0:39] The door is made of wooden boards: you see what sort of holes there are.
| door sg f def | 3sg pres cop clt | wooden sg f adj | only adv | with | board pl f | ost | such pl med adj | hole pl f | pres exist |
20 (a) [0:42] Inside you’ve made a wooden knob to shut yourself in, and that’s all.
| inside adv | pres exist | wooden sg f adj | latch sg f | 2sg pres aux clt | make sg n L.part P | comp | acc refl clt | close 2sg pres P | this sg n med adj | 3sg pres cop clt |
21 (a) [0:46] Or some sort of stick over here, if you’re got some hardier pole
| or | some.kind sg m adj | stake sg m | from.here adv | if conj | pres exist | some.kind sg m adj | more | healthy sg m adj | pole sg m |
22 (a) [0:51] to secure the door with, that’s the door.
| there adv | door sg f def | comp | lock 2sg pres P | this sg n med adj | 3sg pres cop clt | door sg f |
23 (a) [0:55] Things were primitive in the old days.
| pitiful pl adj | thing pl f | 3pl impf cop | at | time sg n def |
24 (MM) How many houses were there in one house?
| and | how.much interr | house pl f | impf exist | in | one f sg adj | house sg f |
25 (a) [0:59] Well, there were a lot of houses. We had these wooden ones – it was all –
| disc | disc | disc | many adv | house pl f | have 1pl impf I | such pl med adj | wooden pl adj | everything sg n adj | everything sg n adj | 3sg impf cop |
26 (MM) No, [I meant] how many rooms did you have, how many –
| no | in | hes | how.many interr | room pl f | have 2pl impf I | how.many interr |
27 (a) [1:04] In a room – three rooms. And the stove – we had a big oven.
| in | hes | room sg f def | three | room pl f | and | stove sg f def | oven sg f def | dat refl clt | dat 1pl clt | 3sg impf cop |
28 (MM) Ah, an oven.
| excl | oven sg f def |
29 (a) [1:09] In the same room …
| in | same sg f def adj | room sg f |
30 (b) [1:10] Where you bake bread.
| where rel | bake 3sg pres I | bread sg m |
31 (a) [1:10] … with us was the furnace We called it the “klet” –
| dat refl clt | dat 1pl clt | 3sg impf cop | oven sg f def | call 1pl impf I | dat n 3sg clt | larder sg m def |
32 (b) Hm.
| bkch |
33 (a) [1:12] [laughter]
|
|
34 (b) [1:14] Uh huh.
|
bkch
|
35 (a) [1:14] the “klet” in the “klichona”.
| larder sg m def | in | storehouse sg f def |
36 (b) [1:15] The “klichona” (storehouse).
| storehouse sg f def |
37 (a) [1:16] We called it the “klichona”. That’s where the flour is, and the granary,
| storehouse sg f def | dat n 3sg clt | call 1pl impf I | there adv | dat 2sg clt | 3sg pres cop clt | flour sg n def | there adv | dat 2sg clt | 3sg pres cop clt | barn sg m def |
38 (a) [1:20] where you’ve ground the grain – you’ve brought it from the mill,
| where rel | 2sg pres aux clt | grind sg n L.part P | grain sg n def | acc n 3sg clt | 2sg pres aux clt | bring sg n L.part P | from | mill sg f def |
39 (a) [1:23] you’ve ground it, you’ve prepared it, you’ve put it away there,
| grind sg n L.part P | acc n 3sg clt | 2sg pres aux clt | do sg n L.part P | acc n 3sg clt | 2sg pres aux clt | put sg n L.part P | acc n 3sg clt | 2sg pres aux clt | there adv |
40 (a) [1:27] and now [everything] is ready for you to knead [bread]. And the stove is there,
| dat 2sg clt | 3sg pres cop clt | ready sg n adj | already adv | comp | knead 2sg pres I | and | stove sg f def | dat refl clt | 3sg pres cop clt | there adv |
41 (a) [1:30] and we had three rooms below and three above.
| and | three | room pl f | have 1pl impf I | below adv | three | have 1pl impf I | above adv |
42 (MM) Right -
| thus adv |
43 (a) [1:33] But wooden! Wooden, and cold! I am amazed now,
| but | wooden pl adj | wooden sg n adj | cold sg n adj | nom 1sg | acc refl clt | wonder 1sg pres I | now adv |
44 (a) [1:36] [how] all these beautiful houses [still] get cold.
| such pl prox adj | nice pl adj | house pl f | how interr | get.cold 3pl pres I |
45 (MM) And what did you use for heating?
| and | how interr | acc refl clt | heat 2pl impf I |
46 (a) [1:39] Well, a little oven here, and here a fireplace ...
| disc | with | small.oven sg f | oven sg f | here adv | here adv | 3sg pres cop clt | chimney sg m def |
47 (MM) Uh huh.
|
bkch
|
48 (a) [1:43] ... was lit and then a fire over there ...
| again adv | light sg f P.part P | and | there adv | fire sg m |
49 (MM) Yes –
| yes |
50 (a) [1:46] ... and [that’s how] you stay warm.
| and | acc refl clt | warm 2sg pres I |
51 (MM) But when –
| but | disc | when conj |
52 (a) [1:49] And you put a hanging lamp up on the “churkma” in order to cook –
| and | and | to | light.rack sg f def | put 2sg pres P | again adv | chain sg m def | above adv | comp | boil 2sg pres P |
53 (b) [1:51] That’s in the hearth already.
| this sg n med adj | already adv | in | hearth sg m def |
54 (a) [1:52] [Yes,] in the hearth. You’d hang this old-fashioned iron lamp –
| disc | in | hearth sg m def | inside adv | hang 2sg pres P | pres exist | old.time sg m adj | lamp sg m | iron sg m def |
55 (a) [1:58] you’d hang [it] there [on] the “churkma” and light some kindling [in it]
| hang 2sg pres P | there adv | light.rack sg f def | put 2sg pres P | kindling sg f def | comp | dat 2sg clt | light 3sg pres P |
56 (a) [2:02] so you could see there in the dark. There weren’t any [modern] lamps to light.
| comp | see 2sg pres P | this sg n med adj | there adv | in | dark sg n def adj | pres neg exist | lamp sg f | with | what sg n interr | comp | light 2sg pres P |
57 (a) [2:06] Everything [was] old-time. No lamps, no other [light source]. You put [up] the “churkma”
| everything sg n adj | old sg f adj | thing sg f | lamp sg f | pres neg exist | other sg n adj | pres neg exist | put 2sg pres P | to | light.rack sg f def |
58 (a) [2:11] to give you light, you cook the porridge, you stir it with a wooden spoon.
| comp | dat 2sg clt | light 3sg pres P | boil 2sg pres I | porridge sg f def | stir 2sg pres I | with | wooden sg f def adj | spoon sg f |
59 (a) [2:15] You stir and stir and the “churkma” gives you [enough] light, from a post
| stir 2sg pres I | stir 2sg pres I | there adv | light.rack sg f def | dat 2sg clt | light 3sg pres P | from.inside adv | to | stake sg m def |
60 (a) [2:18] inside the fireplace to do the cooking and prepare food [to eat].
| and | in | chimney sg m def | comp | until | acc refl clt | boil 3sg pres P | until | acc refl clt | make 3sg pres P | food sg n def |
61 (MM) And – what is this [thing] you call “churkma”?
| and | to | which sg n interr adj | say 2pl pres I | nom 2pl | light.rack sg f |
62 (a) [2:29] The “churkma” is where we put kindling in the old days, a light [source] …
| light.rack sg f | where rel | put 1pl pres I | kindling sg f def | one sg n adj | time sg n | light sg n |
63 (b) [2:32] Uh oh!
| excl |
64 (a) [2:32] … that’s on a wire.
| rel | from | wire sg m |
65 (b) [2:34] Like an awl.
| like | awl sg n |
66 (a) [2:34] [It was] hanging [from it], and underneath was a sort of little grate.
| thus med adv | hang sg f P.part P | and | below adv | ost | such sg f med adj | like | grate sg f |
67 (MM) Uh huh.
| bkch |
68 (a) [ 2:38] It’s like a small grate. We call it a “churkma”.
| like | grate sg f | mean 3sg pres I | light.rack sg f | dat n 3sg clt | call 1pl pres I |
69 (a) [ 2:40] and you set fire to the kindling, and it gives you light. And here’s the hanging lamp ...
| and | light 2sg pres P | kindling sg f def | dat 2sg clt | light 3sg pres P | and | here adv | dat 2sg clt | 3sg pres cop clt | lamp sg m def |
70 (b) [2:43] You put it where it will give you light while you’re eating.
| put 2sg pres P | acc m 3sg clt | light 3sg pres P | to | there adv | to | food sg n def | where rel | 3sg pres cop clt |
71 (a) [2:45] ... [over] the cooking pot …
| cauldron sg f def | again adv |
72 (MM) So you can see.
| disc | comp | acc refl clt | see 3sg pres I |
73 (b) [2:46] So you can –
| disc | comp | acc refl clt |
74 (a) [2:46] … so you can see what’s cooking so as to prepare meals.
| comp | acc refl clt | see 3sg pres I | how interr | comp | boil 2sg pres I | comp | cook 2sg pres I |
75 (a) [2:49] Because it wasn’t like now, when you’ve got electricity and lights
| because | neg | 3sg pres cop clt | like | now adv | comp | pres exist | current sg m | comp | pres exist | light sg n |
76 (a) [2:51] in the evening [when] you come home late from work.
| evening sg f def | come 2sg pres P | late adv | from | work sg f |
77 (b) Uh huh.
|
bkch
|
78 (a) [2:54] You’ve put the cook pot under the hanging lamp, and we light kindling in the "churkma",
| put sg n L.part P | 2sg pres aux clt | cauldron sg f def | to | lamp sg m def | and | nom 1pl | dat refl clt | kindling pl f def | dat refl clt | put 1pl pres I | light.rack sg f def |
79 (a) [2:59] and it gives light, you cook, stir, finish cooking – you prepare the meals.
| and | nom f 3sg | light 3sg pres P | nom 2sg | boil 2sg pres I | stir 2sg pres I | for | comp | boil 2sg pres P | food sg n | comp | make 2sg pres P |
80 (MM) So did you [prepare] meals every day?
| mean 3sg pres I | food sg n def | each sg m adj | day sg m | interr clt | acc n 3sg clt |
81 (a) [3:08] Well, yes! That was your regular [job, just] like it is today.
| disc | this sg n med adj | dat refl clt | dat 2sg clt | 3sg pres cop clt | regular sg n adj | as | now adv |
82 (MM) Yes –
| yes |
83 (a) [3:11] You had to cook the meals every day, to [the light] of hanging lamp on a post.
| food sg n def | must pres imprs | dat 2sg clt | cook 2sg pres I | each sg m adj | day sg m | there adv | to | stake sg m def | to | lamp sg m def |
84 (a) [3:15] When we would go to the fields to do the reaping and do all that
| to | field sg m def | when conj | go 1pl impf P | again adv | comp | reap 1pl pres I | comp | do.such 1pl pres I |
85 (a) [3:17] And they pound a post [in the ground], come on folk –
| hort | one sg m adj | stake sg m | again adv | nail 3pl pres P | there adv | hort | people sg m |
86 (b) [3:20] They were called copper pots.
| and | copper.pot pl m | acc refl clt | say 3sg impf I |
87 (a) [3:21] [Yes,] the copper pot is suspended [here].
| cauldron sg f def | copper sg f adj | 3sg pres cop clt | hang sg f P.part P |
88 (MM) [3:23] Uh huh.
|
bkch
|
89 (a) [3:23] In the old days we’d do the cooking in those copper pots.
| in | copper pl adj | cauldron pl f | cook 1pl aor I | before adv |