Tihomir 1

thus adv

7 (a) [0:13] [And] shoes

kùndrɨ

shoes pl.t

кундури

8 (GK) Right.

thus adv

9 (a) [0:16] Headscarves from outside. The headscarf is from outside.

factory.made pl adj

headscarf pl m

headscarf sg m

factory.made sg m adj

абаниев

10 (GK) And that’s what you used to put on –

such sg m adj

put 2pl impf I

11 (a) [0:21] Well –

pə

disc

па

12 (GK) And then …

pòsle

after adv

после

13 (a) [0:23] This –

tò

disc

то

14 (GK) … here

tùkə

here adv

тук

15 (a) [0:23] Nothing after that. [Just] these kinds of dresses.

after adv

pres neg exist

disc

such pl prox adj

dress sg f

16 (GK) A dress, yes.

dress sg f

yes

17 (a) [0:28] Dresses, and the outer garment. We put on headscarves. Earlier on there were

disc

and

dress sg f

and

outer.garment sg n

headscarf pl m

don.headscarf 1pl pres P

disc

3sg pres aux clt

sg n L.part cop

earlier adv

18 (a) [0:34] – different headscarves – foreign, we called them. We called them “foreign”.

with

headscarf pl m

different pl adj

factory.made sg m adj

acc 3sg clt

call 1pl impf I

factory.made sg m adj

абаниев

zavàhme

call 1pl impf I

зова

19 (GK) Uh huh.

bkch

20 (a) [0:39] But now, well, now it’s not required [any more].

but

disc

now adv

only adv

disc

disc

now adv

neg

be.necessary pres imprs

трябва

21 (GK) Huh.

hɤ̀

bkch

ха

22 (a) [0:40] They’re not required now.

disc

now adv

neg

be.necessary 3pl pres I

трябвам

23 (GK) And what did you put on your ears?

ear pl n def

what sg n interr

put 2pl impf I

24 (a) [0:44] On the ears – earrings of gold, and gold rings. But there wasn’t anything else.

ear pl n def med

hes

earring pl m

golden pl adj

golden pl adj

ring pl m

but

other sg n adj

neg

impf exist

25 (GM) So tell us about work bees now. How did you set up work bees?

disc

say 2sg imv P

for

joint.work.bee sg f def

now adv

say 2sg imv P

how interr

2pl pres aux clt

make pl L.part I

joint.work.bee sg f

26 (a) [0:56] Work bees?

joint.work.bee sg f

interr

27 (GK) Yes.

disc

28 (GM) Yes.

disc

29 (a) [0:57] We go to carry in the straw

disc

go 1pl pres I

comp

carry 1pl pres I

straw sg f

30 (GK) How –

kɤ̀k

how interr

как

31 (a) [1:01] Then ten of us come in to eat. They bake banitsa, they cook soup –

then adv

enter 1pl pres P

ten.people indcl

comp

eat 1pl pres I

banitsa acc sg m

bake 3pl pres P

soup sg f

cook 3pl pres P

32 (a) [1:10] and we bring in the straw. That’s what we did, that’s what a work bee is.

straw sg f def med

bring 1pl pres P

this sg f med adj

make 1pl impf I

joint.work.bee sg f def med

3sg pres cop clt

this sg f med adj

33 (GK) And afterwards?

and

pòsle

after adv

после

34 (a) [1:16] Then we eat something.

after adv

eat 1pl pres I

something sg n

35 (GK) Corn?

aràpka

corn sg f

арапка

36 (a) [1:17] [unclear]

[...]

37 (GK) Corn?

aràpka

corn sg f

арапка

38 (a) [1:17] There wasn’t any corn. That didn’t grow [around here].

corn sg f

pres neg exist

nom 1pl

neg

disc

neg

acc refl clt

disc

acc refl clt

neg

bear 3sg impf I

39 (a) [1:20] We didn’t plant corn. We went out for straw –

disc

neg

plant 1pl impf I

corn acc sg f

straw sg f

go 1pl impf I

40 (GK) Aha.

əha

bkch

41 (a) [1:24] [straw] for the cows. We’d load up the straw – there weren’t any trucks,

for

cow pl f def med

acc refl clt

shoulder.burden 1pl impf P

for

straw sg f

disc

neg

impf exist

truck pl m

42 (a) [1:29] there weren’t any cars – we’d put it onto our backs and carry it. See?

car pl f

neg

impf exist

put 1pl pres I

back acc sg m def med

and

carry 1pl impf I

disc

43 (a) [1:34] And now trucks [come up] to the door, with wood and straw already delivered.

then adv

now adv

disc

truck pl m

door sg f def med

and

wood sg n def med

straw sg f def med

already adv

bring pl P.part P

44 (GK) Huh.

hɤ

bkch

45 (a) [1:39] That’s what happens now. That’s what happens now.

disc

now adv

what sg n interr

happen 3sg pres I

disc

now adv

what sg n interr

happen 3sg pres I

46 (a) [1:42] May you live long and in health, son! We [now] eat bread ready at the doorstep,

comp

2pl pres cop clt

alive pl adj

and

healthy pl adj

adrs

comp

eat 1pl pres I

ready indcl adj

bread sg m

door sg f def med

47 (a) [1:46] get monthly pay, flour, wood – could [we need] anything more than that?

and

salary sg m def med

and

flour sg n def med

and

wood sg n def med

from

this acc sg f med adj

pres exist

interr clt

48 (GK) [1:53] How – how did you grind flour?

how interr

acc n 3sg clt

how interr

grind 2pl impf I

flour sg n

49 (a) [1:55] We used to grind it – we called it a millstone.

grind 1pl impf I

acc sg n clt

hes

millstone sg f

acc f 3sg clt

call 1pl impf I

50 (GK) Right –

thus adv

51 (a) [1:58] A millstone. We grind it – we sit down and [make it] spin around like this.

millstone sg f

grind 1pl pres I

sit 1pl pres P

comp

dat refl clt

comp

rotate 1pl pres I

thus prox adv

52 (a) [2:01] And it’s still here now.

disc

and

now adv

dat refl clt

sit 3sg pres I

53 (GK) Hah!

xɤ̀

disc

54 (a) [2:03] I won’t let them throw it away. It needs to stay available,

neg

give 1sg pres I

comp

acc f 3sg clt

throw 3pl pres P

hort

acc refl clt

find 3sg pres I

55 (a) [2:06] to stay available [for us to do grinding] on the millstone

hort

acc refl clt

find 3sg pres I

millstone acc sg f

56 (GM) Tell us now about the “corn parties” (ritual pre-wedding gatherings).

disc

say 2sg imv P

for

corn.party sg f def

57 (a) [2:11] The “corn party” –

aràpka

corn.party sg f

арапка

šte

[...]

58 (GM) When do you have the “corn party” at the time of marriage?

when interr

acc refl clt

make 3sg pres I

corn.party sg f

when inter.rel

acc refl clt

marry 3pl pres I

59 (a) [2:14] The “corn party”. They cook corn then. They cook corn and then they spin,

aràpkətə

corn.party sg f def med

disc

and

then med adv

dat refl clt

boil 3pl pres P

corn acc sg f

boil 3pl pres P

corn acc sg f

after adv

spin 3pl pres I

60 (GK) Right –

thus adv

61 (a) [2:22] and eat corn. And when you cook again, it’s that way again:

and

corn sg f

eat 3pl pres I

and

again adv

interr clt

when inter.rel

cook 2sg pres P

again adv

happen 3sg pres I

62 (a) [2:27] if they cook something, it’s corn they boil up.

something sg n

comp

cook 3pl pres P

corn acc sg f def med

thus med adv

boil 3pl pres I

63 (a) [2:31] [And then] they gather together – the maidens, in order to sing.

[...]

gather 3pl pres P

maiden pl f

comp

sing 3pl pres I

64 (GK) And the – the boys?

and

mom

[...]

mòmčeta

boy pl n

момче

65 (a) [2:35] Little girls. Older maidens, younger maidens – sing and spin, and boil the corn.

girl pl n

maiden pl f

big pl adj

maiden pl f

maiden pl f

sing 3pl pres I

and

spin 3pl pres I

and

corn sg f def med

boil 3pl pres I

66 (a) [2:43] They boil the corn, give the young bride pita and corncobs, then cook it and eat.

corn sg f

boil 3pl pres I

give 3sg pres I

bride sg f def med

round.loaf acc sg f

corncob pl m

after adv

acc f 3sg clt

boil 3pl pres P

comp

eat 3pl pres I

67 (GK) Umhm.

əhə

bkch

68 (GM) But where did you meet with young men, with the fellows?

disc

where interr

2pl pres aux clt

acc refl clt

hes

meet pl L.part I

with

hes

boy pl n

with

boy pl n def

69 (GM) Where did you used to see one another?

where interr

2pl pres aux clt

acc refl clt

see pl L.part I

70 (a) [2:56] Ah - [a young man] wouldn’t be involved in that, he would avoid [it].

excl

nom n 3sg

neg

nom n 3sg

acc refl clt

neg

catch 3sg pres I

nom n 3sg

avoid 3sg pres I

71 (GK) Ah.

ɤ̀

disc

72 (a) [3:01] Maidens keep their distance, and young men don’t want to stop by.

maiden sg f def med

run 3sg pres I

and

boy sg n def med

neg

want 3sg pres I

comp

acc refl clt

comp

acc refl clt

stop 3sg pres P

73 (GK) Ah.

ɤ̀

disc

74 (a) [3:06] They wouldn't want to.

neg

не

išt'èva

want 3sg pres I

ищевам

75 (GK) And how did – how did an engagement come about?

and

how interr

acc m 3sg clt

how interr

happen 3sg impf I

engagement sg m def

76 (a) [m3:09] They go looking, go looking for –

want 3pl pres I

want 3pl pres I

and

77 (GK) Who?

kòj

which sg m interr

кой

78 (a) [3:11] They send a woman.

send 3pl pres I

woman sg f

79 (GK) What is [such a] one called?

how interr

acc refl clt

call 3sg pres I

nom f 3sg

80 (a) [3:13] Uh – matchmaker.

disc

matchmaker sg m

81 (GK) Ah, yes.

disc

thus adv

82 (a) [3:15] The matchmaker. She goes to ask for the girl, they give the girl,

matchmaker sg m

go 3sg pres I

comp

want 3sg pres P

maiden acc sg f def med

мома

mamɔ̀ta

maiden acc sg f def med

acc f 3sg clt

give 3pl pres P

83 (a) [3:19] and wait until it’s decided that they [will] get married.

and

wait 3pl pres I

until

when rel

define 3pl pres P

comp

acc refl clt

marry 3pl pres I

84 (GK) Does she bring something …

carry 3sg pres I

interr clt

something sg n

this sg f adj

85 (a) [3:25] Ah yes, [but] later on.

disc

later adv

86 (GK) … this woman?

ženɤ̀ta

woman sg f def

жена

87 (a) [3:27] They carry a little, for the custom.

[...]

little adv

bring 3pl pres P

for

custom sg m

88 (GK) And what is that?

what sg n interr

3sg pres cop clt

nom n 3sg

89 (a) [3:30] Now ...

s’à

now adv

сега

90 (GK) What’s it called?

how interr

acc refl clt

call 3sg pres I

91 (a) [3:31] … some kind of fancy dress – dresses, an outer garment, like these they put on,

[...]

fancy.dress sg f

some sg f adj

dress pl m

some sg f adj

[…]

outer.garment acc sg f

thus prox adv

put.on 3sg pres P

92 (a) [3:38] some slippers – they only carry enough to be recognized, not cause confusion.

some pl adj

slipper pl.t

little adv

bring 3pl pres I

comp

acc refl clt

know 3pl pres I

comp

acc refl clt

neg

confuse 3pl pres I

93 (GM) So, do you weave?

disc

nom 2sg

weave 2sg pres I

interr clt

94 (a) [3:47] [Yes,] I weave.

tač'èm

weave 1sg pres I

тъка

95 (GM) Tell [us] how that happens.

say 2sg imv P

how interr

happen 3sg pres I

this sg n med adj

96 (a) [3:49] Well, with the comb, the heddle, we weave, we set the warp. The warp is set.

disc

reed.comb pl m

with

heddle pl.t

weave 1pl pres I

[...]

warp 1pl pres I

warp 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

97 (GK) Huh.

disc

98 (a) [3:54] Then you wind it up again on the beam

when inter.rel

acc refl clt

again adv

wind 3sg pres P

beam sg n

99 (a) [3:56] And then you thread it again, the heddle, the reed comb –

when inter.rel

acc sg n 3sg

again adv

insert 2sg pres P

heddle pl.t

and

reed.comb pl m

100 (GK) And then?

and

pòsle

after adv

после

101 (a) [4:00] And then you put it onto the loom, and you weave.

and

after adv

acc n 3sg clt

put 2sg pres P

loom acc sg m def med

стан

tač'èš

weave 2sg pres I

тъка

102 (a) [4:03] I weave – I know how to weave (you know).

weave 1sg pres I

and

nom 1sg

can 1sg pres I

comp

weave 1sg pres I

103 (GK) And what is there here under your feet?

and

here adv

under

foot pl f def

what sg n interr

pres exist

104 (a) [4:08] Foot pedals.

pòdnɤškɯ

foot.pedal pl f

подножка

105 (GK) How are the foot pedals attached on top?

above adv

foot.pedal pl f def

where interr

3pl pres cop clt

hook pl P.part P

106 (a) [4:12] They’re are on loops, they call that pulleys.

disc

3pl pres cop clt

again adv

loop pl m

disc

acc sg n 3sg

call 3pl pres I

pulley pl n def med

107 (GK) Right.

thus adv

108 (a) [4:17] Pulleys.

skrìpɤl':e

pulley pl m

скрипъл

109 (GK) And when you step on it with –

and

when conj

press 2sg pres P

with

110 (a) [4:18] When you press your foot down, [there’s] foot pedals.

when inter.rel

press 2sg pres P

foot acc sg f def med

нога

pòdnəškəje

foot.pedal pl f

подножка

111 (GK) Ah.

disc

112 (a) [4:21] Two [of them].

dv’è

two f

два

113 (GK) O.K.

thus adv

114 (a) [4:22] Once [with] the left one, once with the right, – and with the shuttle

once adv

one sg f def med adj

left sg f def med adj

once adv

right sg f def med adj

десен

and

with

kač'ɔ̀

shuttle sg f

кача

115 (GK) What do you throw into [the opening between heddles]?

with

what sg n interr

throw 2sg pres I

inside adv

116 (a) [4:28] The shuttle, [that’s what] we call it.

with

shuttle sg f

acc f 3sg clt

call 1pl pres I

117 (GK) The shuttle.

with

kač'ò

shuttle sg f

кача

118 (a) [4:30] The shuttle and the spools.

with

shuttle sg f

and

spool pl m

119 (GK) Aha.

əhə

bkch

120 (a) [4:31] We wind the yarn [onto the spools] – pss pss – and it catches, like that.

wind 1pl pres P

yarn sg n

pss

and

pss

and

acc refl clt

catch 3sg pres I

thus prox adv

121 (GK) And what you bang with?

and

this sg n adj

rel

bang 2sg pres I

with

acc n 3sg

122 (a) [4:37] Battens.

nabərdilà

batten pl.t

набърдило

123 (GK) Battens.

nabərdilà

batten pl.t

набърдило

124 (a) [4:39] It’s called battens.

batten pl.t

acc refl clt

call 3pl pres I

125 (GK) Where is that attached?

nom n 3sg

where interr

3sg pres cop clt

hook sg n P.part P

126 (a) [4:41] It’s attached to the looms. There’s this piece of wood –

hook pl P.part P

3pl pres cop clt

loom pl m def med

pres exist

wood sg n

127 (GK) Right.

thus adv

128 (a) [4:43] It’s attached to the wood, a little hole on the wood [where] we put a peg, a nail,

wood sg n def med

hook pl P.part P

wood sg n def med

pres exist

hole sg f

and

peg sg f

nail sg f

put 1pl pres P

129 (a) [4:49] and we call it the battens, and that’s how we weave.

and

batten pl.t

acc n 3sg clt

call 1pl pres I

and

weave 1pl pres I

thus prox adv

130 (GK) Uh huh.

əhə

bkch

131 (a) [4:52] In olden times, [you know?]

evèl’cku

old.time sg n adj

евелски

132 (GK) In olden times, [yes].

evèlckə

old.time sg f adj

евелски

133 (a) [4:54] In olden times.

evèl’cku

old.time sg n adj

евелски

134 (GK) Ah.

disc

135 (a) [4:55] Back then they knew how to do it. Now it’s different again.

and

thus med adv

know 3pl impf I

comp

do 3pl pres I

disc

now adv

other sg n adj

again adv

136 (a) [4:58] [For instance] on [all] those TV [screens] –

and

на

televìzorene

television pl m def dist

телевизор

137 (GK) They – what are you saying?

this pl adj

what sg n interr

say 2sg pres I

138 (a) [5:01] Earlier they would do this – now [when] we watch TV,

earlier adv

fut

acc refl clt

do.thus 3pl pres I

television pl m

now adv

watch 1pl pres I

139 (GK) Yes?

bkch

140 (a) [5:03] just see what they do now! With electrical power [they do] God knows what all.

now adv

comp

see 2sg pres P

what indcl interr

do 3pl pres I

with

current acc sg m

interr clt

someone indcl

with

what indcl interr

141 (a) [5:07] [When] we watch TV [we see] all sorts of different looms.

television pl m

watch 1pl pres I

and

different pl adj

loom pl m def med

142 (GK) Different.

drùge

different pl adj

друг

143 (a) [5:12] Different sorts.

drùgakvᵊi

different pl adj

другакъв

144 (GM) So tell us how you made thick rugs.

disc

say 2sg imv P

how interr

2pl pres aux clt

make pl L.part I

thick.rug pl n

145 (a) [5:14] Thick rugs.

àlišta

thick.rug pl n

халище

146 (a) Yes.

disc

147 (a) [5:16] Well, we weave [them as] coverings.

disc

again adv

again adv

weave 1pl pres I

dat refl clt

covering pl f

148 (GM) But [the ones that] are multicolored?

but

when inter.rel

3pl pres cop clt

multicolored pl adj

149 (a) [5:19] We dye them with dye. We dye them with dye,

disc

dye 1pl pres I

acc 3pl clt

with

dye sg f

dye 1pl pres I

acc 3pl clt

with

dye sg f

150 (a) [5:25] and make the colors varied. We weave them, the same way, with a shuttle.

and

pɔ̀strime

mix.colors 1pl pres I

acc 3pl clt

weave 1pl pres I

acc 3pl clt

again adv

with

ost

with

shuttle sg f

151 (GK) Uh huh.

əmhəm

bkch

152 (a) [5:30] We weave it like this, with a shuttle.

with

shuttle sg f

thus prox adv

weave 1pl pres I

153 (GK) Uh huh. And the back beam there, what do you do with it?

əmhəm

bkch

and

back sg n def adj

reed.comb sg n

there adv

how interr

acc n 3sg clt

do.thus 2sg pres I

154 (a) [5:35] We call it battens.

batten pl.t

acc n 3sg clt

call 1pl pres I

155 (GK) The back one.

zàdnoto

back sg n def adj

заден

156 (a) [5:37] [It’s] what we hold on to.

sg n rel

dat refl clt

catch 1pl pres I

157 (GK) Uh huh.

bkch

158 (GM) Uh huh.

disc

159 (GK) (undertone to GM) They put it on the back beam, where it revolves.

where rel

acc refl clt

revolve 3sg pres I

back sg n def adj

beam sg n

acc n 3sg clt

put 3pl pres P

160 (GK) How do you hold the back beam so that it doesn’t –

back sg n def adj

beam sg n

how interr

how interr

acc n 3sg clt

hold 2sg pres I

comp

neg

acc refl clt

161 (a) [5:46] Well, in the loom there’s a plug, and this hook,

disc

disc

pres exist

loom acc sg m def med

pres exist

plug sg f

and

thus prox adv

hook pl m

162 (a) [5:49] and we place the beam like this ...

thus prox adv

put 1pl pres I

beam sg n def med

163 (GK) Right –

thus adv

164 (a) [5:52] ... and the beam stays fixed, with the plug [in it]

beam sg n def med

fix sg n P.part P

sit 3sg pres I

with

plug sg f

165 (GK) With this long thing inside.

with

this sg n adj

long sg n def adj

to.inside adv

166 (a) [5:56 ] It’s inserted from below, inside these sorts of things –

and

from.below adv

put sg f P.part P

and

disc

again adv

such pl prox adj

167 (GK) Uh huh.

bkch

168 (a) [5:59] the thing on a tie. We put a peg on it, the beam has these holes –

put sg f P.part I

tie sg m

put 1pl pres P

dat n 3sg clt

peg acc sg m

beam sg n def med

have 3sg pres I

hole pl f

169 (GK) Right –

thus adv

170 (a) [6:03] The beam has holes, and you put a peg in it [so] it won’t move about.

hole pl f

have 3sg pres I

beam sg n def med

put 2sg pres P

dat n 3sg clt

peg acc sg m

neg

move 3sg pres I

171 (GK) And it’s with this peg that you hold it from the side?

and

with

this sg m adj

peg sg m

from.aside adv

interr clt

hold 2sg pres I

172 (a) [6:09] [Yes,] I hold [it that way].

hes

darž'ɤ̀

hold 1sg pres I

държа

173 (GK) And is there one somewhere on the front beam?

and

front sg n def adj

beam sg n

again adv

interr clt

pres exist

somewhere adv

174 (a) [6:11] It’s got one too.

and

nom n 3sg

have 3sg pres I

175 (GK) What does it have?

what sg n interr

have 3sg pres I

176 (a) [6:12] Another plug, this one a little one.

again adv

little adv

and

nom n 3sg

plug sg f

177 (GK) And that’s a –

and

tò

nom n 3sg

то

zapi

[...]

178 (a) [6:15] That one’s longer; the plug sticking up is shorter. [We use] what’s called “cords”

and

disc

long sg n adj

above adv

short sg f adj

plug sg f

with

cord pl m

acc n 3sg clt

call 3pl pres I

179 (a) [6:21] to fasten it tight, the beam sits [in place]. There it is, we weave. We weave a lot!

fasten 1pl pres P

sit 3sg pres I

beam sg n def

sit 3sg pres I

weave 1pl pres I

much adv

weave 1pl pres I

180 (GK) Ah!

excl

181 (a) [6:26] We weave for many days!

many adv

day pl m

weave 1pl pres I

182 (GK) What did you weave [the fabric] for? What, besides –

for

what sg n interr

weave 2pl impf I

for

what sg n interr

besides

183 (a) [6:30] For coverings, for shifts to wear inside, woven shifts

for

covering pl f

shift pl f

inside adv

comp

carry 1pl pres I

weave pl P.part I

shift pl f

184 (a) [6:31] shifts [that we wove] in order to wear. These are the kinds of things we weave.

weave pl P.part I

shift pl f

comp

wear 1pl pres I

and

hes

hes

weave 1pl pres I

such pl med adj

thing pl f

185 (a) [6:41] Let me show you. Here, every bit of this is only woven.

comp

dat 2sg clt

show 1sg pres P

interr clt

all indcl

weave pl P.part I

only adv

186 (GK) This is woven?!

this sg n adj

3sg pres cop clt

weave sg n P.part I

187 (a) [6:45] It’s woven.

tkàno

weave sg n P.part I

тъка

3sg pres cop clt

съм

188 (GK) Wow! Very finely [woven]!

excl

very adv

thin sg n adj

189 (a) [6:47] [All] on the loom, on the loom – yes! And [there’s] even finer than that. [unclear]

loom acc sg m

loom acc sg m

ost

[...]

thin sg n adj

190 (a) [6:51] [Its texture] sits differently because it’s spun from cotton.

different sg n adj

sit 3sg pres I

because conj

from

cotton sg m

3sg pres cop clt

spin sg f P.part I

191 (a) [6:54] We used to buy [cotton fabric] – we call it “hinte”– in rolls,

and

buy 1pl impf I

Western.fabric pl.t

Western.fabric pl.t

acc n 3sg clt

call 1pl pres I

disc

with

roll acc sg m

192 (a) [6:59] we buy it by the roll, [unintelligible] the thread to weave shifts. We used to take shifts –

with

tòpate

roll acc sg m def med

take 1pl pres I

yarn sg n def med

comp

weave 1pl pres I

shift pl f

shirt pl f

carry 1pl impf I

193 (GK) Yes?

dà

yes

да

194 (a) [7:06] in the old days we took a lot of them when we got married.

before adv

much adv

carry 1pl impf I

when inter.rel

acc refl clt

marry 1pl pres I

195 (GK) How do you call it when –

how interr

dat n 3sg clt

call 2pl pres I

when inter.rel

196 (a) [7:12] Shifts. To give as gifts. Gifts to give [ritually]. Money. [To] my aunt and her kin.

shirt pl f

comp

give 1pl pres I

gift acc sg m

and

gift acc sg m

comp

gift 1pl pres I

lira pl f def med

aunt's.cohort pl.t def med

учини

197 (a) [7:19] To give there [at the new residence]. We would take a lot, twenty shifts each.

comp

acc 3pl clt

gift 1pl pres I

there adv

much adv

carry 1pl impf I

twenty

carry 1pl impf I

shift pl f

198 (GK) Uh huh.

bkch

199 (a) [7:25] You see?

jà

disc

200 (GK) And how did you used to spin?

and

how interr

spin 2pl impf I

201 (a) [7:27] We spin on the distaff. We spin cotton, we pull it [from] these distaffs.

spin 1pl pres I

disc

distaff acc sg f

cotton acc sg m

spin 1pl pres I

pull 1pl pres I

this pl prox adj

distaff pl f

202 (a) [7:31] We do it this way when – on the prong. It’s got prongs, two or three [of them] –

thus prox adv

do 1pl pres P

when inter.rel

prong acc sg m

prong pl m

pres exist

two m

three

203 (a) [7:34] a little prong, then we push them through like this, and we spin.

prong sg n

pres exist

then adv

acc 3pl clt

thus prox adv

poke 1pl pres P

spin 1pl pres I

dat refl clt

204 (GK) What is it that you pull from [what] you’ve tied up there, how do you call that?

what sg n interr

pull 2sg pres I

from.there adv

above adv

where rel

acc n 3sg clt

tie 2sg pres I

how interr

dat n 3sg clt

say 2sg pres I

205 (a) [7:40] Distaff.

hùrka

distaff f sg

хурка

206 (GK) But from –

and

from

от

207 (a) [7:42] The wool on the distaff.

kɔ̀del'ke

wool.on.distaff sg f

208 (GK) What?

kàk

how interr

как

209 (a) [7:43] The wool on the distaff.

kɔ̀del'ke

wool.on.distaff sg f

210 (GK) Ah.

bkch

211 (a) [7:45] The wool on the distaff, and the distaff [itself].

wool.on.distaff sg f

and

distaff acc sg f

212 (GK) And what is it you pull out from the wool on the distaff?

and

what sg n interr

pull 2sg pres I

from

wool.on.distaff sg f

213 (a) [7:48] Whatever you want to spin – finely if you spin fine [thread], or thick [thread]

what sg n rel

want 2sg pres I

comp

spin 2sg pres I

thin sg n adj

if conj

spin 2sg pres I

thin sg n adj

thick sg n adj

214 (GK) How do you call that fine [thread]?

how interr

acc refl clt

name 3sg pres I

this sg n adj

thin sg n def adj

215 (a) [7:53] “Fine” - you pull from the wool on the distaff more and more gently.

t'ènkata

thin sg n def med adj

disc

disc

little adv

little adv

pull 2sg pres I

wool.on.distaff sg f def med

216 (GK) A thread?

žìčka

thread sg f

жичка

217 (a) [7:57] [Yes,] a thread. You pull a smaller thread [from] the wool.

thread pl f

little adv

[...]

pull 2sg pres I

wool sg f def med

218 (GK) You call it a thread?

nom 2pl

thread sg f

interr clt

say 2pl pres I

219 (a) [8:01] We call them threads. You pull more gently [to get] a thinner [thread].

thread pl f

acc 3pl clt

say 1pl impf I

little adv

pull 2sg pres I

thin sg n adj

220 (a) [8:04] And if you want a thicker [thread], you pull more [of the] wool.

when inter.rel

want 2sg pres I

thick sg n adj

much adv

pull 2sg pres I

wool sg f def med

221 (a) [8:08] The wool is attached to the distaff, we tie it [all] onto the wool on the distaff.

and

distaff sg f def med

hook sg f P.part P

wool.on.distaff sg f

and

tie 1pl pres P

wool.on.distaff sg f def dist

222 (GK) What?

disc

223 (a) [8:15] Yes, that’s right.

aà

disc

224 (GK) And from there, where does the thread go?

and

from.there adv

after adv

where interr

go 3sg pres I

thread sg f def med

225 (a) [8:17] Onto the spindle. We wind it onto a spindle.

spindle sg n

spindle sg n

wind 1pl pres I

226 (GK) Right –

thus adv

227 (a) [8:21] Then when the spindle is full we’ve got the yarn-crutch. We call it yarn-crutch.

after adv

when inter.rel

acc refl clt

fill 3sg pres P

spindle sg n def dist

again adv

have 1pl pres I

yarn.crutch acc sg f

yarn.crutch acc sg f

acc f 3sg clt

call 1pl pres I

228 (GK) Yes?

disc

229 (a) [8:29] And we wind [it all] onto the yarn-crutch.

yarn.crutch sg f def

wind 1pl pres I

230 (GK) And underneath the spindle, what do you have there to [make it] be heavy?

and

from.below adv

spindle sg n def

what sg n interr

pres exist

comp

3sg pres cop clt

heavy sg n adj

231 (a) [8:34] Weighted discs. Weighted discs.

weighted.disc pl m

weighted.disc pl m

232 (GK) Uh huh.

bkch

233 (a) [8:37] Back then everyone was spinning only like that.

then med adv

only adv

thus prox adv

spin 3pl pres I

234 (GK) Uh huh.

bkch

235 (a) [8:40] Weighted discs.

zàprenikɯ

weighted.disc pl m

запреник

236 (GK) And how do you tie it on top? What do you tie it to?

and

on.top adv

how interr

acc n 3sg clt

tie 2sg pres I

what sg n interr

acc n 3sg clt

tie 2sg pres I

237 (a) [8:42] The spindle’s got a bud on [top of it].

nom n 3sg

dat refl clt

have 3sg pres I

bud acc sg f

spindle sg n def dist

вретено

238 (GK) It’s got what?

what sg n interr

have 3sg pres I

239 (a) [8:44] It’s got a little bud [to tie] the loop of thread [onto].

zə

hes

zə

hes

spìčankɯ

looped.thread acc sg f

bud sg f

have 3sg pres I

240 (GK) Uh huh.

əmhəm

bkch

241 (a) [8:47] It’s got a little bud for the loop of thread. The [main] thread sits [there],

bud sg f

have 3sg pres I

hes

hes

looped.thread acc sg f

sit 3sg pres I

thread sg f def med

242 (a) [8:52] you twist it – whirr, whirr, whirr, whirr, and [then] you wind it again. Like this.

rotate 2sg pres P

and

whirr

whirr

whirr

whirr

and

wind 2sg pres P

again adv

again adv

thus prox adv

243 (a) [8:56] The thread stretches out again after that, and you wind it again.

again adv

acc refl clt

stretch 3sg pres P

after.that adv

thread sg f def med

again adv

acc f 3sg clt

wind 2sg pres I

244 (GK) The thread stretches out there.

stretch 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

thread sg f def med

there adv

245 (a) [9:01] it stretches – stretches out, and you pull it out from the wool.

[...]

stretch 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

nom f 3sg

disc

pull 2sg pres I

dat refl clt

from

wool sg f def med

246 (a) [9:04] and it fills up, you pull the thread like this, wind it, and begin again.

and

nom f 3sg

acc refl clt

fill 3sg pres P

thread sg f def med

pull 2sg pres P

thus prox adv

wind 2sg pres P

acc n 3sg clt

again adv

start 2sg pres P

247 (GK) You stretch [it out].

raspɤ̀nəš

stretch 2sg pres P

разпъна

248 (a) [9:08] That's how we spin.

thus med adv

acc n 3sg clt

spin 1pl pres I

249 (GK) Good. And then, what do you wind it on?

and

well adv

and

after adv

what sg n interr

acc n 3sg clt

wind 2sg pres I

250 (a) [9:13] A yarn-crutch.

matavìlka

yarn.crutch sg f

мотовилка

251 (GK) A yarn-crutch. What does it have [there] down below?

yarn.crutch sg f def

what sg n interr

have 3sg pres I

from.below adv

have 3sg pres I

252 (a) [9:16] The yarn-crutch is forked (= has forked-like protrusions).

yarn.crutch sg f

have 3sg pres I

fork pl f

253 (GK) And on top?

and

odgòre

on.top adv

отгоре

254 (a) [9:19] On top [there’s] a nail.

on.top adv

nail sg f

255 (GK) There’s a nail.

nail sg f

have 3sg pres I

256 (a) [9:20] We bore a little hole [in it] ...

little.hole sg f

little sg f adj

bore 1pl pres P

257 (GK) Right –

thus adv

258 (a) [9:22] ... and put a nail [in there].

and

nail sg f

[...]

put 1pl pres P

259 (GK) And –

tə

disc

та

260 (a) [9:23] And it winds up.

and

mat'è

wind 3sg pres I

мотая

acc refl clt

се

261 (GK) That’s how it happens.

thus adv

happen 3sg pres I

262 (a) [9:25] That’s how it happens. We wind it, and then take it off in order to steam it.

yes

thus med adv

happen 3sg pres I

wind 1pl pres I

when inter.rel

acc n 3sg clt

take.off 1pl pres P

comp

acc n 3sg clt

steam 1pl pres P

263 (GK) Ah!