Kovačevo 1

Kovachevo1.mp3

1 (a) [0:03] [Things] are bad. How can you say it’s nice when it’s bad?

lòšu

bad sg n adj

3sg pres cop clt

how interr

fut

say 2sg pres P

that

3sg pres cop clt

nice sg n adv

and

disc

3sg pres cop clt

bad sg n adj

2 (GK) Well, that’s why I say – how about something more cheerful to, to

disc

for

for.that adv

disc

call 1sg pres I

for

something sg n

joyful sg n adj

comp

comp

3 (GK) to talk about? [laughter] [For instance], how was it in the old days?

comp

chat 1pl pres I

one sg n adj

time sg n

how interr

become 3sg impf I

4 (GK) Did you here call an engagement “glavezh”? Or “godezh”?

nom 2pl

here adv

engagement sg m

interr clt

dat m 3sg clt

call 2pl impf I

engagement sg m

interr clt

5 (a) [0:17] [We called it] “godezh”, “godezh”.

engagement sg m

engagement sg m

6 (c) [0:17] [It’s] “godezh”.

gudèš

engagement sg m

годеж

7 (GK) [So engagement is] “godezh”. How did the engagement, as you call it, happen?

engagement sg m

how interr

become 3sg impf I

engagement sg m def

call 2pl impf I

8 (GK) How did the boy and girl come to like each other, get engaged, get married –?

how interr

acc refl clt

take.liking 3pl impf I

girl sg f def

boy sg n def

and

engagement sg m def

and

wedding sg f def

9 (b) [0:25] Oh ho ho!

èee.èee.èee

excl

10 (c) [0:25] Oh ho ho!

èee.èee.èee

excl

11 (a) [0:26] [Ah,] weddings.

svàdbi

wedding pl f

сватба

12 (GK) So. So –

thus adv

thus adv

13 (a) [0:27] Weddings were nice.

nice adv

3sg impf cop

wedding pl f

14 (GK) tell me [everything] in order. But in order,

in.order adv

in.order adv

comp

dat 1sg clt

acc 3pl clt

say 2pl pres P

in.order adv

15 (GK) so that students can [understand] when they read [about it].

disc

comp

can pres imprs

and

student pl m def

when conj

read 3pl pres I

16 (b) [0:32] O.K., in order. The matchmakers would come

disc

in.order adv

then adv

come 3pl impf I

matchmaker pl m

17 (a) [0:34] Huh.

xə

bkch

ха

18 (b) [0:36] to seek out the girl.

comp

seek 3pl pres I

girl sg n def

19 (a) [0:37] [cough]

[ ... ]

20 (b) [0:37] Now if the boy likes the girl, then it happens. A bouquet is made,

and

now adv

if conj

acc f 3sg clt

take.liking 3sg pres I

girl sg n def

boy sg n def

become 3sg pres I

make sg f L.part P

bouquet sg f

21 (b) [0:45] and [used] to decorate the matchmakers. And things move on to the next stage.

decorate 3sg pres I

matchmaker pl m def

and

become 3sg pres I

dat refl clt

after adv

22 (c) [0:48] After that, another engagement, when they come to [mark] the engagement.

after

this sg m adj

again adv

engagement sg m

when conj

dat refl clt

acc 3pl clt

come 3pl pres P

for

engagement sg m def

23 (b) [0:51] The “official” engagement, …

official sg m adj

engagement sg m

24 (GK) Ah, that’s later.

disc

later adv

25 (b) [0:52] … the second engagement.

second sg m adj

engagement sg m

26 (GK) But haven’t the girl and boy already decided they like one another?

but

nom 3pl

neg

3pl pres aux clt

interr clt

acc refl clt

take.liking pl L.part P

already adv

boy sg n def

and

girl sg n def

27 (a) [0:54] But they –

disc

nom 3pl

28 (c) [0:55] Listen – Back then things were different.

listen sg imv I

then adv

3sg impf cop

other sg n adj

29 (GK) So you tell me [about it].

hort

tell sg imv P

nom 2sg

30 (b) [0:57] Well –

utkədè

from.where adv

откъде

31 (a) [0:58] [laughter]

[ ... ]

32 (b) [0:59] [for instance] someone says [to someone] somewhere, “I want …

disc

which sg m interr

[…]

which sg m interr

where interr

say 3sg pres P

nom 1sg

dat refl clt

want 1sg pres I

33 (a) [1:01] That’s right.

disc

təkà

thus adv

така

34 (b) [1:02] … you!”

tèbe

acc 2sg

ти

35 (GK) Hah.

xà

bkch

ха

36 (b) [1:03] But her father doesn’t want it.

but

father sg m

not.want 3sg pres

37 (a) [1:03] Her father won’t give her to him [in marriage].

father sg m

neg

dat m 3sg clt

acc f 3sg clt

give 3sg pres I

38 (b) [1:05] And whatever the father says, that’s it.

and

where interr

fut

say 3sg pres P

father sg m

there adv

39 (a) [1:08] And the mother too.

and

màjkətə

mother sg f def

майка

40 (c) [1:08] That’s how it was back then.

thus adv

3sg impf cop

then adv

41 (b) [1:09] And the mother too. If I liked a [certain boy], my father would say,

and

mother sg f def

nom 1sg

that conj

1sg pres aux clt

want sg f L.part I

one sg m adj

and

father sg m def

when conj

say 3sg aor P

thus adv

42 (b) [1:14] “[O.K., but if] you go there [it’s] with a carry-sack on your shoulder:

nom 2sg

fut

go 2sg pres P

there adv

but

carry.sack sg f def

shoulder sg n def

43 (b) [1:16] you go [like that], you’ll leave my house for good.

and

fut

go 2sg pres P

fut

run 2sg pres I

from

from

house sg f def

dat 1sg clt

44 (b) [1:18] What I say goes!”

where interr

fut

say 1sg pres P

nom 1sg

there adv

45 (a) [1:19] And you’ll go.

there adv

fut

go 2sg pres P

46 (b) [1:20] That’s right.

and

təkà

thus adv

така

47 (a) [1:21] That’s how it was.

this sg n adj

3sg impf cop

48 (b) [1:22] I was engaged for two years. My fiancé went off to the military,

be.engaged 1sg aor

acc refl clt

two f

year pl f

go 3sg aor

fiance sg m def

soldier sg m

49 (b) [1:26] and I’m engaged. I wait here for the soldier.

nom 1sg

1sg pres cop clt

be.enaged sg f P.part

here adv

nom 1sg

wait 1sg pres

soldier sg m

50 (a) [1:29] For the soldier to come back. [laughter]

soldier sg m

comp

come 3sg pres P

51 (b) [1:31] So that’s how it was. When he came back [after] two years, on St. Dimitri’s Day,

and

thus adv

thus adv

3sg impf cop

when conj

dat refl clt

come 3sg pres P

two f

year pl f

for

St.Dimitri’s.day sg m

Димитровден

52 (b) [1:35] he came and they organized the wedding. Weddings then were at home.

fut

come 3sg pres P

hort

wedding sg f

organize 3pl aor P

nom n 3sg

3sg impf cop

disc

wedding pl f

at.home adv

53 (b) [1:45] They put a cauldron of wine, my [future] father-in-law in the middle of his yard,

when conj

fut

release 3pl pres P

one sg f adj

cauldron sg f

wine sg n

father.in.law sg m

dat 1sg clt

amidst

yard sg m def

54 (a) [1:50] [with] a full [cauldron]

pɤ̀lnə

full sg f adj

пълен

55 (c) [1:51] and whoever – whoever …

and

who sg m

who sg m

56 (b) [1:52] Whoever …

who sg m

who sg m

57 (c) [1:52] … comes by scoops [some] out and drinks.

pass 3sg pres P

and

scoop 3sg pres I

and

drink 3sg pres I

58 (b) [1:53] … would come by, would scoop it out in bowls or such, and keep on sipping.

fut

pass 3sg pres P

scoop 3sg pres I

and

drink 3sg pres I

full pl adj

and

bowl pl f def disc

sip 3sg pres I

59 (c) [1:57] Whatever’s there, there drink it!

what

comp

3sg pres cop clt

there adv

drink 3pl pres I

60 (b) [1:58] [laughter] And that’s how [it was].

and

disc

thus adv

61 (c) [2:01] Back then it was happy.

then adv

3sg impf cop

joyful adv

62 (a) [2:01] Ah.

disc

63 (b) [2:01] It was indeed happy then. If you’re engaged two years, [your father] will say

then adv

3sg aor cop

joyful adv

two f

year pl f

be.engaged sg m P.part

comp

2sg pres cop clt

and

this sg f adj

say 3sg pres P

64 (b) [2:07] “You better watch out! You’re going to wait those two years for him?!”

excl

nom 2sg

adrs

say 3sg pres P

two f

year pl f

fut

acc m 3sg clt

wait 2sg pres I

65 (b) [2:10] And I’ll wait for him. “[Yes,] you’ll wait for him, but Dad [is here] with the tongs –

and

fut

acc m 3sg clt

wait 1sg pres I

fut

acc m 3sg clt

wait 2sg pres I

but

father sg m

with

tongs sg m def

66 (b) [2:14] [laughter] “You’ll [feel] the measure of these tongs [on your back]!”

fut

measure 2sg pres P

tongs sg m

67 (GK) [laughter]

[ ... ]

68 (b) [2:20] [laughter]

[ ... ]

69 (c) [2:23] Yes, that’s how it was.

and

thus adv

thus adv

3sg impf cop

70 (b) [2:24] Whatever he says goes.

rel

say 3sg pres P

there adv

71 (GK) OK. Now they send the matchmakers, and do the matchmakers bring something?

disc

good adv

send 3pl pres I

matchmaker pl m

and

matchmaker pl m def

carry 3pl pres I

interr clt

something sg n

72 (b) [2:28] Well, he carries [it so that] when my dad decides he’ll give me in marriage –

disc

when conj

fut

decide 3sg pres P

father sg m

that

fut

acc 1sg clt

give 3pl pres P

carry 3sg pres I

73 (a) [2:32] He’s carrying brandy.

brandy sg f

carry 3sg pres I

74 (c) [2:33] Oh! After that …

disc

after

this sg n adj

75 (b) [2:33] [It’s] a bottle …

šišèto

bottle sg n def

шише

76 (c) [2:34] … when they come for the “uglav” (preliminary engagement), then they come for –

when conj

fut

come 3sg pres P

for

pre.engagement sg m

already adv

then adv

come 3pl pres P

and

for

за

77 (c) [2:35] They make banitsa.

make 3pl pres I

banitsa pl f

78 (b) [2:35] … a bottle that the father-in-law carries tucked into his shirt …

bottle sg n def

3sg pres cop clt

shirt.front sg f def

father.in.law sg m def

свекър

79 (GK) Hm.

əm

bkch

80 (b) [2:39] … to say “Come on, …

fut

say 3pl pres P

hort

81 (a) [2:40] [laughter]

[ ... ]

82 (b) [2:41] .. come on!

and

àjde

hort

хайде

83 (c) [2:42] They’ve given their word.

give 3pl pres I

word sg f

84 (b) [2:42] They’ve given their word – let the wedding party get drunk on brandy! [laughter]

give 3pl pres I

word sg f

and

hort

fut

acc refl clt

drink 3pl pres P

wedding.guests pl m def

сват

rəkìjə

brandy sg f

ракия

85 (a) [2:45] [laughter]

[ ... ]

86 (b) [2:47] Then the engagement [party], they’ll arrange a big engagement [party].

later adv

engagement sg m

and

big sg m adj

engagement sg m

then adv

fut

acc refl clt

arrange 3sg pres P

87 (GK) Aha.

əhə

bkch

аха

88 (a) [2:51] They go with cooked [food], …

go 3pl pres I

with

cook sg n P.part I

89 (b) [2:52] They go with cooked [food].

go 3pl pres I

with

cook sg n P.part I

90 (a) … with [different sorts of] banitsa, with wine, with brandy – they carry [all that].

with

banitsa pl f

with

wine sg n

brandy sg f

again adv

carry 3pl pres I

91 (c) [2:56] It’s like that.

təkànkə

thus adv

таканка

3sg pres cop clt

съм

92 (GK) [You said] “uglav”. What was the “uglav”?

ùglave

pre.engagement pl m

углав

ùglavetu

pre.engagement pl m def

what sg n interr

3sg impf cop

93 (c) [2:59] The “uglava”, that’s when they’ve concluded the pre-engagement.

ugləvɤ̀tə

pre.engagement sg f def

already adv

then adv

already adv

when inter.rel

with

pre.engagement pl m def

углав

94 (c) [3:01] After that, they start to prepare the food, types of banitsa, breads, wine,

from.there adv

acc refl clt

cook 3pl pres I

fut

with

food sg n

banitsa pl f

and

with

quick.bread pl f

with

wine sg n

95 (a) [3:06] and brandy, as well as the things that they’ll bring to the girl.

with

brandy sg f

and

maiden sg f def

what rel

fut

bring 3pl pres P

96 (b) [3:08] – that they’ll bring to the girl.

fut

dat f 3sg clt

bring 3pl pres P

maiden sg f def

97 (c) [3:10] They’ll bring her shoes, …

fut

bring 3pl pres P

shoe pl f

interr clt

fut

3sg pres cop clt

98 (GK) Uh huh.

əmhəm

bkch

99 (b) [3:12] Head coverings.

zəbràtkə

head.cover sg f

забрадка

100 (c) [3:12] … they’ll bring her head coverings, and rings, and –

head.cover sg f

and

ring pl m

fut

bring 3pl pres P

and

101 (a) [3:15] Because they’ll take things back from her too! That’s why.

because

acc f 3sg

fut

take.away 3pl pres P

for.that adv

thus adv

102 (c) [3:16] Back from her! [laughter]

from

acc f 3sg

[…]

[ ... ]

103 (b) [3:19] Then –

sètne

later adv

сетне

104 (c) [3:18] [laughter]

[ ... ]

105 (b) [3:20] after they conclude the pre-engagement [they wait for a holiday like] Easter or

when conj

fut

make 3pl pres I

pre.engagement sg f def

fut

for

Easter sg m

for

106 (b) [3:22] Christmas

Christmas sg m

interr clt

fut

3sg pres cop clt

107 (c) [3:23] [laughter]

[ ... ]

108 (b) [3:23] and this then –

this sg n adj

then adv

109 (c) [3:25] [laughter]

[ ... ]

110 (b) [3:25] they called it the “upashalka” (ritual decoration). Then the father-in-law prepares cords.

acc m 3sg clt

say 3pl impf I

ritual.decoration sg f

then adv

father.in.law sg m def

when conj

arrange 3sg pres P

cord pl m

111 (b) [3:29] If he has gold coins he’ll put gold coins on the cord, or other [things]

if conj

have 3sg pres

gold.coin pl f

fut

put 3sg pres P

gold.coin sg f

cord pl m

other pl adj

112 (b) [3:33] [It’s] a big “nikyaf” (large necklace) – they decorate [things], string [coins and things] –

large.necklace sg m

big sg m adj

decorate 3pl pres I

string 3pl pres I

113 (c) [3:35] Then comes that [ritual] they called “upashalka”.

later adv

ritual.decoration

acc n 3sg clt

say 3pl impf I

that sg n adj

114 (GK) What’s that? They put [some sort of] belt on her? What was it made of?

what sg n adj

3sg pres cop clt

this sg n adj

comp

acc f 3sg clt

encircle 3pl pres P

with

what sg n adj

115 (c) [3:38] The “upashalka” ritual starts when …

with

upəšàlkətà

ritual.decoration sg f def

3sg pres cop clt

already adv

116 (b) [3:40] With necklaces,

səz

with

gerdàne

necklace pl m

гердан

117 (c) [3:40] … they come with necklaces.

with

necklace pl m

fut

come 3pl pres I

118 (a) [3:41] [laughter]

[ ... ]

119 (c) [3:41] And when they bestow the “nik’af” (large necklace), they’ll bring –

large.necklace sg m

fut

bring 3pl pres P

120 (b) [3:42] They’ll bring –

fut

bring 3pl pres P

121 (a) [2:43] Shoes, head-coverings _

shoe pl f

head.cover sg f

122 (RA) Uh huh.

əmhəm

bkch

123 (c) [3:45] Whoever has velvet –

velvet sg n

who sg m

have 3sg pres I

124 (b) [3:47] Whoever has velvet will sew [things] for the girl out of velvet.

who sg m

have 3sg pres I

velvet sg n

who sg m inter.rel

fut

sew 3pl pres I

for

maiden sg f def

velvet sg n

125 (c) [3:49] And then they’ll take her off and –

and

then adv

fut

acc f 3sg clt

take 3pl pres P

and

126 (b) [3:50] You really don’t remember all that? We remember everything [don’t we?]

disc

neg

remember 2pl pres I

and

remember 1pl pres I

everything sg n adj

127 (c) [3:52] We remember. Ah, I myself [certainly] remember that!

remember 1pl pres I

excl

this sg n adj

acc n 3sg clt

remember 1sg pres I

nom 1sg

128 (a) [3:54] I remember too! Gold coins here, and here, and in back.

and

nom 1sg

remember 1sg pres I

gold.coin pl f

and

here adv

and

here adv

and

behind adv

129 (a) [3:56] They gave them to me – they gave me everything, enough.

acc 1sg

dat 1sg clt

acc 1sg

give 3pl aor P

everything sg n adj

enough adv

130 (b) [3:59] They didn’t give me [any], nor did I give any [to anyone].

neither

dat 1sg clt

give 3pl aor P

neither

and

give 1sg aor P

131 (c) [4:00] They gave them me some too – both gold coins and levs.

and

dat 1sg

give 3pl aor P

and

gold.coin pl f

and

lev pl m

132 (c) [4:00] But Yanko took them off somewhere [else].

Yanko sg m name

acc 3pl clt

take 3sg aor P

further adv

133 (a) [4:02] [laughter]

[ ... ]

134 (c) [4:03] Yanko took the levs, and [unintelligible]

Yanko sg m name

acc 3pl clt

take 3sg aor P

lev pl m def

135 (b) [4:05] Mine are all broken. I gave them all –

my pl def adj

break pl P.part P

acc 3pl clt

give 1sg aor P

all indcl

give 1sg aor P

136 (c) [4:08] None at all! Yanko took them all so he and others could play [with them].

not.at.all adv

Yanko sg m name

all indcl

acc 3sg clt

take 3sg aor P

comp

dat refl clt

play 3pl pres I

there adv

137 (c) [4:09] [laughter]

[ ... ]

138 (GK) [So,] the “nikyaf”. What is this “nikyaf”?

large.necklace sg m

what sg n interr

3sg pres cop clt

this sg n adj

large.necklace sg m

139 (b) [4:12] Well, that’s –

disc

ами

tvà

this sg n adj

този

140 (c) [4:13] That’s [these] gold coins and levs.

this sg n adj

gold.coin pl f

and

lev pl m

141 (a) [4:14] Gold coins and –

žəltìci

gold.coin pl f

жълтица

and

142 (GK) So is this a sort of decoration?

disc

nom n 3sg

3sg pres cop clt

decoration sg n

143 (a) [4:16] Yes, it’s a decoration, it’s like a necklace.

yes

decoration sg n

3sg pres cop clt

[...]

this sg n adj

this.much sg m adj

necklace sg m

144 (c) [4:18] A necklace. They gave me one necklace of levs, one-lev pieces.

one sg m adj

necklace sg m

dat 1sg

give 3pl aor P

one sg m adj

necklace sg m

lev pl m

one sg m adj

lev sg m

145 (c) [4:20] silver levs, and one – necklace of gold coins. And the lower button.

silver pl adj

lev pl m

one sg m adj

[...]

necklace sg m

gold.coin pl f

and

lower sg n adj

button sg n

146 (GK) What’s the “lower button”?

lower sg n adj

button sg n

what sg n interr

147 (a) [4:26] The lower button, yes. Yes.

lower sg n adj

button sg n

yes

yes

148 (GK) What’s that?

what sg n interr

3sg pres cop clt

this sg n adj

149 (a) [4:28] It’s a button, this big, with little hooks below it,

nom n 3sg

such.size sg n adj

button sg n

with

hes

hook pl f

below adv

150 (a) [4:31] and decorations like this, and it’s tied all around.

decoration pl f

fut

pres exist

thus adv

and

around adv

tie pl P.part P

151 (c) [4:33] And a swinging pendant right here, and another one right here.

and

one sg f adj

swing sg f

this.direction adv

and

other sg f def adj

this.direction adv

152 (GK) Aha, so this lower button here, does it [function] to fasten something?

disc

and

this sg n adj

lower sg n def adj

button sg n

here adv

acc refl clt

fasten 3sg pres I

interr clt

153 (c) [4:38] It fastens. There’s a button, it –

fasten 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

pres exist

dat refl clt

button sg n

nom n 3sg

154 (GK) Here on the belt, like this?

this sg n adj

3sg pres cop clt

belt sg m def

thus adv

155 (b) [4:41] Uh huh.

əmhəm

disc

156 (a) [4:41] There’s a button here.

pres exist

dat refl clt

button sg n

157 (c) [4:42] There are these –

pres exist

dat refl clt

disc

158 (a) [4:42] It fastens onto the –

thus adv

fasten 3sg pres I

dat refl clt

acc refl clt

for

159 (c) [4:43] – there’s hooks, that fasten.

and

hook pl f

dat refl clt

pres exist

fasten 3pl pres I

acc refl clt

160 (a) [4:44] Hooks [like] for clothes, and that’s it.

hook pl f

for

clothing pl f

and

this sg n adj

3sg pres cop clt

161 (c) [4:45] And the swinging pendants in back, they have hooks too.

and

swing pl f def

behind adv

and

nom 3pl

have 3pl pres I

hook pl f

162 (b) [4:48] And on Easter when they dance, let’s go! And then, and then –

and

for

for

Easter sg m

when conj

dance 3pl pres I

hort

when

then adv

[…]

then adv

163 (b) [4:51] there are the mummers, and [some other] mummers: boom! [laughter]

mummer pl m

mummer pl m

pres exist

boom

164 (c) [4:53] [laughter]

[ ... ]

165 (b) [4:54] [laughter] When we dance –

when conj

dance 1pl pres I

166 (a) [4:58] They sing old-time songs. They sing songs.

sing 3pl pres I

song pl f

old.time pl adj

song pl f

sing 3pl pres I

167 (b) [4:59] Old-time [songs]

è

disc

stərovrèmcki

old.time pl adj

старовремски

168 (a) [4:59] Oho!

èxèj

excl

ехе

169 (b) [5:00] That small plain –

this sg f adj

clearing sg f

170 (a) [5:02] So many people there were!

what interr

people sg m

impf exist

171 (b) [5:02] The good Lord wanted it that way, and it – there were people [all over] –

grandfather sg m

lord sg m

hold sg m L.part I

and

this sg f adj

this sg n adj

3sg impf cop

people sg m

people pl

172 (GK) This [place] here …

this sg n adj

here adv

173 (c) [5:08] This –

tvà

this sg n adj

този

174 (GK) … was this here your dance area?

dance.area sg n def

interr clt

dat 2pl clt

3sg impf cop

this sg n adj

here adv

175 (b) [5:10] For “Bozhik” [that is,] for Christmas, they dance here. For Easter,

for

Christmas sg m

for

Christmas sg f

here adv

dance 3pl pres I

for

Easter sg m

176 (b) [5:14] at that point it was over there …

when inter.rel

fut

ost

beyond adv

177 (a) [5:15] No, it wasn’t [there].

neg

3sg pres aux clt

sg n L.part cop

178 (b) [5:17] … on that plain. There’s a big plain over there, there next to the school.

that sg f adj

clearing sg f

and

there adv

pres exist

big sg f adj

clearing sg f

ost

there adv

school sg n def

179 (c) [5:19] No. No! That was the school then. That was the school

then adv

3sg impf cop

school sg n

then adv

3sg impf cop

now adv

here adv

school sg n def

180 (c) [5:22] when they came here.

when conj

come 3pl pres P

here adv

181 (a) [5:23] Here, [this is] the oldest –

here adv

most

old sg n adj

182 (b) [5:23] [This] here is the dance area.

here adv

3sg pres cop clt

dance.area sg n def

183 (a) [5:24] [This] here is the dance area.

here adv

3sg pres cop clt

dance.area sg n def

184 (c) [5:25] Back then the school was over there, it was there at –

then adv

there adv

3sg impf cop

school sg n def

there adv

3sg impf cop

185 (b) [5:26] The women [go out to] dance. [Say] I’ve got a little child

dance 3pl pres I

woman pl f def

and

[...]

and

[...]

have 1sg pres I

little sg n adj

child sg n

186 (b) [5:29] and nobody to take care of him for me –

when conj

pres neg exist

who sg m

comp

dat 1sg clt

acc n 3sg clt

care.for 3sg pres I

187 (a) [5:31] On [your] back!

back sg m def

188 (b) [5:31] Stick him [there]! Oh, how I danced back in those days! Snow up to your knees,

shoulder sg imv P

acc m 3sg clt

dance 1sg impf I

that sg n adj

time sg n

nom 1sg

excl

snow sg m

knee sg n

hes

189 (b) [5:37] stomp there with the child on your back – who could you leave him with?

stamp sg imv I

there adv

and

child sg n def

back sg m def

which sg m interr

fut

acc n 3sg clt

leave 2sg pres P

190 (a) [5:40] Well, if [the child] can’t fall asleep any – any other way, and then we –

but

[...]

otherwise adv

if conj

nom n 3sg

if conj

neg

can 3sg pres

comp

sleep 3sg pres P

and

nom 1pl

thus adv

191 (a) [5:42] [laughter] if you bounce him around like that …

when conj

acc n 3sg clt

shake 2sg pres I

and

192 (b) [5:43] [laughter]

[ ... ]

193 (a) [5:44] … he’ll fall asleep. [laughter]

fut

sleep 3sg pres P

194 (b) [5:46] Well, what [else] are you going to do [with] him?

disc

what interr

comp

acc n 3sg clt

do 2sg pres I

195 (GK) Jumble his head up a little!

comp

dat n 3sg clt

acc refl clt

mix 3sg pres P

head sg f def

196 (b) [5:49] [unintelligible] What are you going to do? No sister, I didn’t have a mother either,

what interr

comp

do 2sg pres I

pres neg exist

neither

sister sg f

not.have 1sg pres I

neither

mother sg f

197 (b) [5:51] nor did I have a mother-in-law – they’d all died. So – stuff him [on my back],

not.have 1sg pres I

neither

mother.in.law sg f

die 3pl aor P

all indcl

disc

shoulder sg imv P

acc n 3sg clt

198 (b) [5:56] and he’ll fall asleep. Take him back home and he’ll sleep. If – if he gets up

and

fut

sleep 3sg pres P

take.back 3sg imv P

acc n 3sg clt

to.home adv

fut

lie 3sg pres I

if conj

if conj

arise 3sg pres P

199 (b) [6:00] let him howl in the house [laughter]

hort

cry 3sg pres I

home adv

200 (RA) Hm.

bkch

201 (b) [6:03] What are you going to do when –

what interr

comp

do 2sg pres

when conj

202 (c) [6:04] Huh.

disc

ха

203 (b) [6:05] When they grew up, the others, the older ones [would] –

fut

[...]

when conj

grow 3pl aor P

other def pl adj

for

old pl def adj

204 (b) [6:07] Leave him at home! Someone will take care of him – I’m off to the door …

leave sg imv P

acc n 3sg clt

home adv

hort

acc n 3sg clt

care.for 3sg pres I

nom 1sg

fut

come 1sg pres P

door sg f def

205 (c) [6:12] Wait [a minute], let me bring this little apple and we’ll cut it up.

wait sg imv I

comp

bring 1sg pres P

some sg n adj

small.apple sg f

comp

chop 1pl pres P

206 (b) [6:14] … when I feel like dancing. Young – young and pretty …

dat 1sg

dat 1sg clt

acc refl clt

dance 3sg pres I

young sg f adj

young sg f adj

pretty sg f adj

207 (a) [6:17] Ah, back then!

excl

time sg n def

208 (b) [6:19] … back then, when I hear the drums here, the flutes, the bagpipe, oh! I’d …

time sg n def

when conj

fut

hear 1sg pres P

drum pl m

here adv

whistle pl f def

bagpipe pl f

excl

nom 1sg

209 (a) [6:26] [I’d] stay home.

fut

sit 1sg pres I

at.home adv

210 (b) [6:26] … rush around the room, right, left, sweep it out a bit, and [laughter] run outside!

room sg f def

to.left adv

to.right adv

sweep sg imv P

acc f 3sg clt

little adv

and

run sg imv I

outside adv

run sg imv I

round.dance sg n def

214 (b) [6:32] Run out to the dance. Well, what [else]? There’s no dance tomorrow!

run sg imv I

round.dance sg n def

disc

how interr

tomorrow adv

pres neg exist

round.dance sg n

215 (GK) [laughter]

[ ... ]

216 (b) [6:37] [laughter] What – What can I tell you? That’s what it was.

what interr

what interr

comp

dat 2sg clt

say 1sg pres P

this sg n adj

3sg impf cop

217 (GK) [cough]

[ ... ]

218 (b) [6:40] Now – now I’m – seventy-eight years old, and when I hear

now adv

now adv

1sg pres cop clt

seven

seventy

and

eight

year pl f

when conj

fut

hear 1sg pres P

219 (b) [6:45] the flutes, well, I feel like dancing again. Once again I feel like dancing.

whistle pl f

and

and

again adv

dat 1sg clt

acc refl clt

dance 3sg pres I

again adv

dat 1sg clt

acc refl clt

dance 3sg pres I

220 (b) [6:49] Maybe they could drag even me out [to dance] now! [laughter]

can pres imprs

fut

acc 1sg clt

drag 3pl pres I

there adv

dat 1sg

acc 1sg clt

221 (b) [6:53] But no. There’s no dancing [like that] any more.

but

pres neg exist

round.dance sg n

now adv

already adv

222 (b) [6:56] No. Now all they want is arguments, just arguments. People fight

now adv

argument pl f

give sg imv P

now adv

argument pl f

quarrel 3pl pres I

acc refl clt

223 (b) [6:59] and I don’t even know what they’re fighting about. It’s bad.

what interr

acc refl clt

quarrel 3pl pres I

and

nom 1sg

neg

know 1sg pres I

bad adv

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Participants

GK

RA

a

c

b

Kovačevo 1

1 (a) [0:03] [Things] are bad. How can you say it’s nice when it’s bad?

2 (GK) Well, that’s why I say – how about something more cheerful to, to

3 (GK) to talk about? [laughter] [For instance], how was it in the old days?

4 (GK) Did you here call an engagement “glavezh”? Or “godezh”?

5 (a) [0:17] [We called it] “godezh”, “godezh”.

6 (c) [0:17] [It’s] “godezh”.

7 (GK) [So engagement is] “godezh”. How did the engagement, as you call it, happen?

8 (GK) How did the boy and girl come to like each other, get engaged, get married –?

9 (b) [0:25] Oh ho ho!

10 (c) [0:25] Oh ho ho!

11 (a) [0:26] [Ah,] weddings.

12 (GK) So. So –

13 (a) [0:27] Weddings were nice.

14 (GK) tell me [everything] in order. But in order,

15 (GK) so that students can [understand] when they read [about it].

16 (b) [0:32] O.K., in order. The matchmakers would come

17 (a) [0:34] Huh.

18 (b) [0:36] to seek out the girl.

19 (a) [0:37] [cough]

20 (b) [0:37] Now if the boy likes the girl, then it happens. A bouquet is made,

21 (b) [0:45] and [used] to decorate the matchmakers. And things move on to the next stage.

22 (c) [0:48] After that, another engagement, when they come to [mark] the engagement.

23 (b) [0:51] The “official” engagement, …

24 (GK) Ah, that’s later.

25 (b) [0:52] … the second engagement.

26 (GK) But haven’t the girl and boy already decided they like one another?

27 (a) [0:54] But they –

28 (c) [0:55] Listen – Back then things were different.

29 (GK) So you tell me [about it].

30 (b) [0:57] Well –

31 (a) [0:58] [laughter]

32 (b) [0:59] [for instance] someone says [to someone] somewhere, “I want …

33 (a) [1:01] That’s right.

34 (b) [1:02] … you!”

35 (GK) Hah.

36 (b) [1:03] But her father doesn’t want it.

37 (a) [1:03] Her father won’t give her to him [in marriage].

38 (b) [1:05] And whatever the father says, that’s it.

39 (a) [1:08] And the mother too.

40 (c) [1:08] That’s how it was back then.

41 (b) [1:09] And the mother too. If I liked a [certain boy], my father would say,

42 (b) [1:14] “[O.K., but if] you go there [it’s] with a carry-sack on your shoulder:

43 (b) [1:16] you go [like that], you’ll leave my house for good.

44 (b) [1:18] What I say goes!”

45 (a) [1:19] And you’ll go.

46 (b) [1:20] That’s right.

47 (a) [1:21] That’s how it was.

48 (b) [1:22] I was engaged for two years. My fiancé went off to the military,

49 (b) [1:26] and I’m engaged. I wait here for the soldier.

50 (a) [1:29] For the soldier to come back. [laughter]

51 (b) [1:31] So that’s how it was. When he came back [after] two years, on St. Dimitri’s Day,

52 (b) [1:35] he came and they organized the wedding. Weddings then were at home.

53 (b) [1:45] They put a cauldron of wine, my [future] father-in-law in the middle of his yard,

54 (a) [1:50] [with] a full [cauldron]

55 (c) [1:51] and whoever – whoever …

56 (b) [1:52] Whoever …

57 (c) [1:52] … comes by scoops [some] out and drinks.

58 (b) [1:53] … would come by, would scoop it out in bowls or such, and keep on sipping.

59 (c) [1:57] Whatever’s there, there drink it!

60 (b) [1:58] [laughter] And that’s how [it was].

61 (c) [2:01] Back then it was happy.

62 (a) [2:01] Ah.

63 (b) [2:01] It was indeed happy then. If you’re engaged two years, [your father] will say

64 (b) [2:07] “You better watch out! You’re going to wait those two years for him?!”

65 (b) [2:10] And I’ll wait for him. “[Yes,] you’ll wait for him, but Dad [is here] with the tongs –

66 (b) [2:14] [laughter] “You’ll [feel] the measure of these tongs [on your back]!”

67 (GK) [laughter]

68 (b) [2:20] [laughter]

69 (c) [2:23] Yes, that’s how it was.

70 (b) [2:24] Whatever he says goes.