Kralevo 2

Kralevo2.new_.mp3

1 (VZh) And how do you mix bread?

and

bread sg m def

how interr

acc refl clt

knead 3sg pres I

2 (a) [0:00] Well, how do you mix bread. You have these [things] made like troughs, purchased.

bread sg m def

how interr

acc refl clt

knead 3sg pres I

have 2sg pres I

such pl prox adj

adrs

trough pl n

make sg n P.part P

buy sg n P.part P

3 (a) [0:03] Like bread-troughs. If you want I’ll show you ours.

such pl med adj

bread.trough pl.t

if conj

want 2sg pres I

fut

dat 2sg clt

show 1sg pres P

our sg n def adj

4 (VZh) How do you call it, bread-trough?

how interr

call 2pl pres I

bread.trough pl.t

5 (a) [0:07] Uh, bread-trough.

ɤ̀

disc

nɤ̀ški

bread.trough pl.t

нощви

6 (c) [0:10] Our [way of saying it] is a little like Turkish – bread-trough.

our sg n def adj

little adv

Turkish m sg adj

bread.trough pl.t

7 (a) [0:11] [laughter]

[...]

8 (c) [0:13] Or [just] a trough.

one sg n adj

trough sg n

thus adv

9 (d) [0:13] Here it is, right [here] in the house.

ost

where interr

3sg pres cop clt

at.home adv

adrs

10 (a) [0:15] Petra, show [them] our trough so they can see how it is, how we knead bread.

Petra sg f

show sg imv P

our sg n def adj

trough sg n

comp

see 3pl pres P

what.kind sg n adj

how interr

bread sg m def

knead 1pl pres I

11 (c) [0:16] Well, it’s wooden.

disc

wooden sg n adj

12 (VZh) So you’ve kept all of that!

disc

nom 2pl

everything sg n adj

2pl pres aux clt

keep pl L.part P

from

this sg n adj

13 (b) [0:19] A wooden trough.

wooden sg n adj

trough sg n

14 (a) [0:21] We’ve got [it], we’ve got [all] that.

have 1pl pres I

dat refl clt

nom 1pl

dat refl clt

nom 1pl

dat refl clt

have 1pl pres I

dat refl clt

nom n 3sg

15 (b) [0:22] [laughter]

[...]

16 (a) [0:25] Show it, OK? Bring it up to here just so we can see them –

show sg imv P

adrs

show sg imv P

only adv

comp

acc 3sg clt

see 1pl pres P

thus prox adv

here adv

17 (a) [0:25] so they can see them, and then put it back.

comp

acc 3pl clt

see 3pl pres P

and

dat refl clt

acc m 3sg clt

put sg imv P

again adv

18 (a) [0:27] [because we use them to] make little cakes for the kids.

disc

make 1pl pres I

dat refl clt

cake pl n

for

child pl n def

19 (a) [0:29] We knead, and make unleavened bread (“pita”), and then we make –

knead 1pl pres P

dat refl clt

pita sg f

dat refl clt

make 1pl pres I

again adv

dat refl clt

make 1pl pres I

20 (a) [0:31] you have to roll it out into a sort of –

thus adv

dat refl clt

must pres imprs

roll 3sg pres I

dat refl clt

acc refl clt

some.kind sg f adj

21 (c) [0:35] “Pita”, you know what “pita” means?

pita sg f

know 2sg pres I

interr clt

what sg n interr

mean 3sg pres I

pita sg f

22 (VZh) “Pita”, that’s when you don’t put in yeast, is that when you say it?

pita sg f

when interr

when conj

neg

put 2sg pres P

yeast sg m

then adv

interr clt

acc refl clt

call 3sg pres I

23 (a) [0:36] Yes, yeast, with some –

disc

yeast sg m

with

some.kind sg m adj

24 (c) [0:40] Village [bread], village bread.

village sg m adj

village sg m adj

bread sg m

25 (a) [0:42] [Or] with leavening, [like] when they make that other bread

and

when conj

with

leavening sg f

when rel

like conj

make 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

that sg m dist adj

bread sg m

adrs

26 (a) [0:43] and you just bake it, here in the oven, it’s not –

thus med adv

and

alone sg m

and

bake 2sg pres I

acc m 3sg clt

here adv

oven sg f def

neg

3sg pres cop clt

27 (b) [0:46] Hey, here is the bread-trough, this wooden trough.

excl

this sg n med adj

3pl pres cop clt

bread.trough pl.t def

wooden sg n adj

trough sg n

28 (VZh) [0:50] Ah! And this thing on top, what do you call it?

disc

and

this sg n adj

above adv

how interr

acc n 3sg clt

say 2sg pres I

29 (a) [0:50] The breadboard.

krɤ̀k

breadboard sg m

кръг

30 (VZh) [0:54] That’s the breadboard.

this sg n adj

3sg pres cop clt

breadboard sg m

31 (a) [0:54] We’d roll [the dough] out on it, we roll it out [flat].

rel

roll 1pl impf I

acc m 3sg

roll.out 1pl pres I

32 (VZh) [0:56] [Ah,] where you roll it. And what do you roll onto it?

rel

roll 2sg pres I

what sg n interr

roll 2sg pres I

acc n 3sg

33 (a) [0:56] “Banitsa” when you roll it out

disc

[...]

banitsa sg f

dat refl clt

roll 2sg pres I

34 (c) [0:58] Banitsa.

bànica

banitsa sg f

баница

35 (VZh) [0:59] “Banitsa”, is that what you call it, or…

banitsa sg f

interr clt

acc m 3sg clt

call 2pl pres I

36 (a) [0:59] "Banitsa"

bànica

banitsa sg f

баница

37 (VZh) … [something else], in the old-time [language]?

по

starovrèmski

old.time pl adj

старовремски

38 (c) [1:02] “Klin" – "klin”.

banitsa sg m

banitsa sg m

39 (d) [1:03] “Klin”, “klin”, a little like Turkish

banitsa sg m

banitsa sg m

little adv

Turkish m sg adj

40 (c) [1:04] [laughter]

[...]

41 (VZh) [1:05] So what was the word from the old days?

old.time sg def adj

how interr

3sg impf cop

42 (a) [1:05] “Klin” [laughter]

klɨ̀n

banitsa sg m

клин

43 (VZh) [1:07] Aha.

aha

disc

аха

44 (c) [1:07] Over in Kostinovo they make [it] to eat.

there adv

Kostinovo sg n place

there adv

make 3pl pres I

comp

eat 3sg pres I

45 (VZh) [1:08] Uh huh.

əmhm

bkch

46 (a) [1:08] [laughter]

[laughter]

[…]

47 (VZh) [1:10] And how do you make the “klin”?

banitsa sg m def

how interr

acc m 3sg clt

make 2sg pres I

48 (a) [1:10] With small curds, or with cheese. So you roll out the sheets and

è

disc

səs

with

hes

curds sg f

with

cheese sg n

thus med adv

roll 2sg pres I

leaf pl n def

and

49 (c) [1:13] [unintelligible] Banitsa.

bànica

banitsa sg f

баница

50 (a) [1:19] you sprinkle onto it cheese or curds,

sprinkle 2sg pres I

cheese sg n def

and

curds sg f def

from

when rel

51 (a) [1:19] from what we have, let’s say, [from] a cow

rel

this sg n med adj

have 1pl pres I

comp

say 1pl pres P

cow sg f

52 (a) [1:24] Banitsa, you know? Banitsa!

banitsa sg f

adrs

banitsa sg f

53 (a) [1:27] or a water buffalo if we’ve milked it,

and

water.buffalo sg f

if conj

1pl pres aux clt

milk pl L.part I

54 (b) [1:27] We used to have water buffaloes.

water.buffalo pl f

have 1pl impf I

55 (a) [1:27] when you churn [the milk] but water buffalo milk yields more butter.

and

when conj

acc refl clt

stir 3sg pres I

impf exist

disc

water.buffalo pl f def

release 3pl pres I

more adv

butter sg n

56 (a) [1:29] Cows give [you] more milk but less butter.

[...]

cow pl f def

milk sg n

give 3pl pres I

but

little adv

butter sg n

57 (a) [1:32] And we have a cow now, but this cow now

and

nom 1pl

have 1pl pres

cow sg f

now adv

adrs

cow sg f

and

nom f 3sg

now adv

58 (a) [1:35] we don’t milk it, but when you milk it, then you boil [the milk]

neg

acc f 3sg clt

milk 1pl pres I

but

when inter.rel

acc refl clt

[...]

milk 3sg pres I

boil 2sg pres I

this sg n med adj

59 (a) [1:38] after you churn it. These days churning is not like it was then,

when inter.rel

acc refl clt

mix 3sg pres P

now adv

now adv

neg

3pl pres cop clt

one sg n adj

time sg n

thus prox adv

mix 2sg pres I

60 (a) [1:43] with a churn made, that was made out of wood, um …

comp

3sg pres cop clt

with

make sg n P.part P

churn sg n def

comp

3sg pres cop clt

make sg n P.part P

thus med adv

from

wood sg n

hes

61 (c) [1:47] Wooden.

dɤ̀rvenu

wooden sg n adj

дървен

62 (a) [1:53] … wooden, what was that called, huh?

wooden sg n adj

adrs

how interr

acc refl clt

say 3sg impf I

adrs

63 (VZh) [1:53] Do they call that thing a centrifuge?

centrifuge sg f

interr clt

acc n 3sg clt

call 3pl pres I

this sg n adj

64 (b) [1:53] Now it’s electric …

now adv

now adv

with

current sg m

current sg m

65 (c) [1:57] [All] closed [off].

zətvòreno

closed sg n P.part P

затворя

66 (b) [1:58] … it’s an electric churn …

current sg m

churn sg n

67 (VZh) [1:58] Uh huh.

əmhm

bkch

68 (b) [1:58] … and the current does the churning.

current sg m def

acc m 3sg clt

mix 3sg pres I

69 (a) [2:00] Now it’s electricity, you plug it in and it churns.

now adv

3pl pres cop clt

current sg m def

acc refl clt

insert 3sg pres I

and

acc refl clt

mix 3sg pres I

70 (a) [2:01] Like a washing machine.

washing.machine sg f

washing.machine sg f

71 (VZh) [2:03] Uh huh.

əmhm

bkch

72 (a) [2:03] We’ve got one now over there, in that house down there, in the other [unintelligible]

nom 1pl

thus prox adv

have 1pl pres I

that sg f adj

house sg f

ost

below adv

other sg f def adj

[ … ]

house sg f

73 (a) [2:05] You put it [there] and [then] sit [and watch it. It works] on electricity.

put 2sg pres I

acc m 3sg clt

sit.down 2sg pres P

current sg m def

74 (a) [2:09] it spins, spins for a while.

nom m 3sg

dat refl clt

acc refl clt

revolve 3sg pres I

when inter.rel

spin.for.a.time 3sg pres P

позавъртя

sə

acc refl clt

се

75 (a) [2:10] If necessary, you add a little more water,

if conj

need pres imprs

little adv

water sg f

comp

dat m 3sg clt

put 2sg pres P

still adv

76 (a) [2:13] and when it’s done churning …

and

when inter.rel

acc refl clt

mix 3sg pres P

77 (c) [2:15] A churn – a churn.

churn sg n

churn sg n

78 (a) [2:17] … the fat separates and comes to the top, you skim off the fat (as butter),

fat sg n def

acc refl clt

separate 3sg pres I

above adv

extract 2sg pres I

fat sg n def

79 (a) [2:17] and pour out the churned milk. And now –

pour.off 2sg pres I

churn sg n P.part P

milk sg n

and

now adv

80 (b) [2:20] [sigh]

[...]

81 (a) [2:24] And now [that’s] our life, from one year to the next.

now adv

mean 3sg pres I

from

year sg f

year sg f

life sg m def

dat 1pl clt

82 (a) [2:24] Now there are lots of clever folk, many people who got education,

now adv

many adv

clever pl adj

people pl

pres exist

many adv

people pl

acc refl clt

master 3pl aor P

83 (a) [2:26] most of them as professors, and people –

most def adv

3pl pres cop clt

professor pl m

and

people pl def

84 (RA) [laughter]

[...]

85 (a) [2:30] [laughter] … so now – well, now –

disc

thus med adv

not

thus med adv

now adv

86 (VZh) [laughter]

[...]

87 (a) [2:34] you think that’s funny! – many of them know a lot,

all adv

3pl pres cop clt

acc 2pl

dat 2pl clt

3sg pres cop clt

humorous adv

thus med adv

3sg pres cop clt

and

know 3pl pres I

many pl adj

88 (a) [2:36] and lots of clever and nice things get made.

and

many adv

clever pl adj

thing pl f

nice pl adj

thing pl f

3pl pres cop clt

make pl P.part P

89 (a) [2:39] I look at this thing and I say [to myself] how is this thing made? –

nom 1sg

look 1sg pres I

now adv

and

call 1sg pres I

this sg n med adj

how interr

3sg pres cop clt

make sg n P.part P

90 (a) [2:41] this electric thing, and all these things. I say,

this sg n med adj

this sg n med adj

now adv

this sg m med adj

current sg m

all pl def adj

this pl med adj

thing pl f

call 1sg pres I

91 (a) [2:43] [such] clever people now. In the old days people were much simpler.

clever pl adj

people pl

call 1sg pres I

now adv

one sg n adj

time sg n

3pl impf cop

people pl def

simple pl adj

92 (a) [2:46] [laughter] Sometimes I laugh, at least now –

now adv

some sg m adj

time sg m

dat 1sg clt

3sg pres cop clt

humorous adv

at.least adv

call 1sg pres I

now adv

93 (a) [2:50] Once my grandmother’s family had stores, my mother’s folks

one sg n adj

time sg n

nom 1pl

grandmother sg f

have 1pl impf I

one pl adj

store pl m

mother's.cohort pl.t

one sg n adj

time sg n

94 (a) [2:52] and once my mother and grandfather and with Granny and Grandpa

nom 1pl

mother sg f

and

grandfather sg m def

and

nom 3pl

3pl pres cop clt

dat refl clt

with

grandmother sg f

and

grandfather sg m

95 (a) [2:56] they’d make coffee and drink it and they’d say to the kids,

dat refl clt

boil 3pl pres P

nom 3pl

with

coffee sg f

drink 3pl pres I

and

call 3pl pres I

child pl n def

96 (a) [2:59] “Kids that drink coffee …

who sg m rel

drink 3sg pres I

coffee sg n

child pl n def

97 (c) [3:05] [unintelligible]

[...]

98 (a) [3:06] … will get their teeth stained!”

disc

dat m 3sg clt

dat n 3sg clt

blacken 3pl pres I

dat n 3sg clt

tooth pl m def

99 (a) [3:07] But now [everyone] drinks [coffee] – kids, and young people, and old people –

but

now adv

drink 3pl pres I

and

child pl n def

and

young pl def adj

and

old pl adj

100 (a) [3:10] and they’ll drink it, whether it’s at midday, or whenever it is [that]

and

midday sg n

comp

3sg pres cop clt

drink 3pl pres I

dat refl clt

when rel

comp

3sg pres cop clt

101 (a) [3:13] guests [arrive]; when they come they’ll serve it and they all drink coffee.

guest pl m

when inter.rel

come 3pl pres P

serve 3pl pres P

dat refl clt

acc refl clt

drink 3pl pres I

coffee sg n

102 (a) [3:15] But in the old days only old folks would drink [coffee]. [laughter]

but

one sg n adj

time sg n

only adv

old def adj

people pl

drink 3pl impf I

103 (a) [3:18] in the store when they got together. And that’s what our life was like.

and

store sg m def

when conj

acc refl clt

gather 3pl pres P

and

thus sg m med adj

3sg impf cop

life sg m def

dat 1pl clt

104 (VZh) And who would go to the pubs, to the stores?

and

which sg m interr

go 3sg impf I

hes

pub pl f

store pl m

105 (VZh) Did women go back then to those –

woman pl f def

go 3pl impf I

interr clt

then adv

disc

106 (a) [3:20] No, no such thing. Only men went, you know?

disc

impf neg exist

thus med adv

only adv

male pl def adj

go 3pl impf I

disc

107 (a) [3:29] That’s what I remember from my folks. There was [this] shop –

this sg n med adj

1sg pres aux clt

remember sg f L.part P

from

our pl def adj

impf exist

store sg m

108 (c) [3:52] They don’t go –

neg

go 3pl pres I

this sg n med adj

109 (a) [3:33] Who went to that shop? It was only men that went to the shop, right?

and

store sg m def

which sg m interr

go 3pl impf I

interr

only adv

male pl def adj

go 3pl impf I

store sg m def

110 (c) [3:34] Who would be drinking coffee?!

which sg m interr

fut

drink 3sg pres I

coffee sg n

adrs

111 (a) [3:37] Hah! What [else]?!

disc

kò

what sg n interr

какво

112 (b) [3:38] [laughter]

[...]

113 (a) [3:39] Women didn’t go to stores!

female pl def adj

neg

go 3pl impf I

store sg m def

114 (a) [3:40] Those [things] I remember, but I haven’t [gone] to any such [places].

this sg n med adj

this sg n med adj

1sg pres aux clt

remember sg f L.part P

such sg n med adj

thing sg n

neg

1sg pres aux clt

115 (c) [3:42] No, [women] don’t go to stores, they went to [people’s] homes to drink.

store sg m def

neg

go 3pl pres I

but

at.home adv

go 3pl pres I

comp

drink 3pl pres I

116 (a) [3:44] At home – where else? You know, we have vineyards. You crush

and

at.home adv

disc

disc

interr

have 1pl pres I

vineyard sg n

disc

fut

crush 2sg pres P

117 (a) [3:46] [grapes for] wine in barrels, you pour out smaller [portions]

wine sg n def

barrel pl f

pour 2sg pres I

dat refl clt

acc n 3sg clt

small pl adj

118 (c) [3:49] [unintelligible] and there’s rakiya.

and

brandy sg f

pres exist

119 (a) [3:52] There’s this “bomb” (inverted barrel) that’s closed off.

thus med adv

bomb sg f

thus med adv

bomb sg f

such sg f med adj

seal sg f P.part P

disc

120 (a) [3:52] People distill brandy (you know),

and

rakiya sg f

dat refl clt

acc refl clt

boil 3sg pres P

121 (VZh) [unintelligible]

[...]

122 (a) [3:55] and they drink brandy. And people drink wine too. [laughter]

nom 3pl

dat refl clt

drink 3pl pres I

rakiya sg f

and

wine sg n

dat refl clt

drink 3pl pres I

people pl def

123 (VZh) What’s this “bomb”? What’s it like?

what sg n interr

3sg pres cop clt

this sg n adj

bomb sg f

what sg n interr

represent 3sg pres I

124 (a) [3:56] Well, the barrel, [it] …

again adv

barrel sg f

but

125 (c) [4:00] Smaller, with [unintelligible]

small sg f adj

with

126 (a) [4:01] is like this, with –

3sg pres cop clt

thus prox adv

with

127 (b) [4:01] A barrel, but closed off

barrel sg f

but

seal sg f P.part P

barrel sg f

128 (a) [4:02] It’s closed off at the top. How can I tell you?

above adv

seal sg f P.part P

how interr

comp

say 1sg pres P

129 (c) [4:03] [unintelligible]

[...]

130 (b) [4:04] There’s a spigot to release the wine

pres exist

spigot sg n

comp

release 2sg pres I

wine sg n def

131 (a) [4:04] What’s that thing called?

how interr

acc refl clt

say 3sg pres I

adrs

132 (VZh) And how is it closed off? With what is it –

and

with

what sg n interr

3sg pres cop clt

seal sg f P.part P

with

what sg n interr

3sg pres cop clt

133 (a) [4:06] On the barrel, out of wood, boards, let’s say,

from

barrel sg f

adrs

from

wood sg n

from

board pl f

comp

say 1pl pres P

134 (c) [4:09] It’s closed off at both ends, like this, you need a spigot

from

two m def

end ct m

thus sg n med adj

close sg n P.part P

ost

there adv

with

spigot sg n

need pres imprs

135 (a) [4:13] Uh huh.

əhə

bkch

аха

136 (VZh) A little spigot? How do you call it?

spigot sg n def

how interr

acc n 3sg clt

say 2pl pres I

137 (c) [4:17] [unintelligible]

[...]

138 (a) [4:19] Well, just a little spigot. How [else] would you call it?

disc

how interr

spigot sg n

how interr

fut

acc refl clt

say 3sg pres P

Main menu

You are here

Map

Participants

VZh

RA

d

a

c

b

Kralevo 2

1 (VZh) And how do you mix bread?

2 (a) [0:00] Well, how do you mix bread. You have these [things] made like troughs, purchased.

3 (a) [0:03] Like bread-troughs. If you want I’ll show you ours.

4 (VZh) How do you call it, bread-trough?

5 (a) [0:07] Uh, bread-trough.

6 (c) [0:10] Our [way of saying it] is a little like Turkish – bread-trough.

7 (a) [0:11] [laughter]

8 (c) [0:13] Or [just] a trough.

9 (d) [0:13] Here it is, right [here] in the house.

10 (a) [0:15] Petra, show [them] our trough so they can see how it is, how we knead bread.

11 (c) [0:16] Well, it’s wooden.

12 (VZh) So you’ve kept all of that!

13 (b) [0:19] A wooden trough.

14 (a) [0:21] We’ve got [it], we’ve got [all] that.

15 (b) [0:22] [laughter]

16 (a) [0:25] Show it, OK? Bring it up to here just so we can see them –

17 (a) [0:25] so they can see them, and then put it back.

18 (a) [0:27] [because we use them to] make little cakes for the kids.

19 (a) [0:29] We knead, and make unleavened bread (“pita”), and then we make –

20 (a) [0:31] you have to roll it out into a sort of –

21 (c) [0:35] “Pita”, you know what “pita” means?

22 (VZh) “Pita”, that’s when you don’t put in yeast, is that when you say it?

23 (a) [0:36] Yes, yeast, with some –

24 (c) [0:40] Village [bread], village bread.

25 (a) [0:42] [Or] with leavening, [like] when they make that other bread

26 (a) [0:43] and you just bake it, here in the oven, it’s not –

27 (b) [0:46] Hey, here is the bread-trough, this wooden trough.

28 (VZh) [0:50] Ah! And this thing on top, what do you call it?

29 (a) [0:50] The breadboard.

30 (VZh) [0:54] That’s the breadboard.

31 (a) [0:54] We’d roll [the dough] out on it, we roll it out [flat].

32 (VZh) [0:56] [Ah,] where you roll it. And what do you roll onto it?

33 (a) [0:56] “Banitsa” when you roll it out

34 (c) [0:58] Banitsa.

35 (VZh) [0:59] “Banitsa”, is that what you call it, or…

36 (a) [0:59] "Banitsa"

37 (VZh) … [something else], in the old-time [language]?

38 (c) [1:02] “Klin" – "klin”.

39 (d) [1:03] “Klin”, “klin”, a little like Turkish

40 (c) [1:04] [laughter]

41 (VZh) [1:05] So what was the word from the old days?

42 (a) [1:05] “Klin” [laughter]

43 (VZh) [1:07] Aha.

44 (c) [1:07] Over in Kostinovo they make [it] to eat.

45 (VZh) [1:08] Uh huh.

46 (a) [1:08] [laughter]

47 (VZh) [1:10] And how do you make the “klin”?

48 (a) [1:10] With small curds, or with cheese. So you roll out the sheets and

49 (c) [1:13] [unintelligible] Banitsa.

50 (a) [1:19] you sprinkle onto it cheese or curds,

51 (a) [1:19] from what we have, let’s say, [from] a cow

52 (a) [1:24] Banitsa, you know? Banitsa!

53 (a) [1:27] or a water buffalo if we’ve milked it,

54 (b) [1:27] We used to have water buffaloes.

55 (a) [1:27] when you churn [the milk] but water buffalo milk yields more butter.

56 (a) [1:29] Cows give [you] more milk but less butter.

57 (a) [1:32] And we have a cow now, but this cow now

58 (a) [1:35] we don’t milk it, but when you milk it, then you boil [the milk]

59 (a) [1:38] after you churn it. These days churning is not like it was then,

60 (a) [1:43] with a churn made, that was made out of wood, um …

61 (c) [1:47] Wooden.

62 (a) [1:53] … wooden, what was that called, huh?

63 (VZh) [1:53] Do they call that thing a centrifuge?

64 (b) [1:53] Now it’s electric …

65 (c) [1:57] [All] closed [off].

66 (b) [1:58] … it’s an electric churn …

67 (VZh) [1:58] Uh huh.

68 (b) [1:58] … and the current does the churning.

69 (a) [2:00] Now it’s electricity, you plug it in and it churns.