Vladimir Zhobov
Zabernovo
1 (a) [0:00] I was born in the year eighteen ninety-eight
| bear sg m P.part P | 1sg pres cop clt | thousand sg f | and | eight.hundred | ninety | and | eighth sg f adj | year sg f |
2 (a) [0:04] [in the] village of Zabernovo, Malko Tŭrnovo region and I live in the village of Zabernovo.
| village sg n | Zabernovo sg n place | of.Malko.Tŭrnovo sg n adj | and | dat refl clt | live 1sg pres I | in | village sg n | Zabernovo sg n place |
3 (a) [0:09] I had a brother, older than me. He was born
| and | have 1sg impf I | brother sg m | more | big sg m adj | than | acc 1sg | bear sg m P.part P | 3sg pres cop clt |
4 (a) [0:12] in the year eighteen ninety-five, and after that I [was born]
| thousand sg f | and | eight.hundred | ninety | and | fifth sg f adj | year sg f | after | this sg n med adj | 1sg pres cop clt | nom 1sg |
5 (a) [0:16] [in] the year nineteen (= eighteen) ninety-eight. After that I had a sister Todora,
| thousand sg f | nine.hundred | ninety | and | eighth sg f adj | year sg f | after | this sg n med adj | have 1sg impf I | sister sg f | Todora sg f name |
6 (a) [0:22] and she was born in – two years later. And after that
| and | nom f 3sg | 3sg pres cop clt | bear sg f P.part P | in | after | two f | year pl f | after | this sg n med adj |
7 (a) [0:26] I had my younger – the youngest of our brothers, Goro.
| have 1sg impf I | more | little sg m adj | most | little sg m def adj | dat 1pl clt | brother sg m | Goro sg m name |
8 (VZh) [What do you use to make] a fence?]
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9 (a) [0:29] Sticks, hornbeam sticks. We cut poles and pound them in, we split thick trees
| from | stick pl m | hornbeam pl adj | stick pl m | cut 1pl pres I | pole pl m | pound.in 1pl pres I | split 1pl pres P | thick pl adj | tree pl n |
10 (a) [0:34] and sharpen them. We make poles and pound them in, and after that
| and | acc 3pl clt | sharpen 1pl pres I | make 1pl pres I | pole pl m | and | acc 3pl clt | hammer.in 1pl pres I | after | this sg n med adj |
11 (a) [0:39] we [take] sticks and weave them all around. We build [the fences] with sticks.
| stick pl m | weave 1pl pres I | acc 3pl clt | around adv | build 1pl pres I | acc 3pl clt | with | stick pl m |
12 (VZh) [Are there enough trees in the forest for this?]
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13 (a) [0:42] God has given! There are [trees] in the forest as far as the eye can see.
| give sg m L.part P | Lord sg m | in | forest sg f | pres exist | rel | dat 2sg clt | eye pl n | look 3pl pres I |
14 (a) [0:45] If we let you loose in this forest, you’ll get lost here! You won’t [find your way out]!
| comp | acc refl clt | lose 2sg pres P | comp | release 1pl pres P | now adv | nom 2sg | fut | acc refl clt | lose 2sg pres P | here adv | neg exist |
15 (VZh) [What do you do with the corn after you pick it?]
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16 (a) [0:48] After we pick the corn we dry it, and the – and we winnow it and –
| corn sg f def | when conj | gather 1pl pres P | dry 1pl pres P | acc f 3sg clt | [...] | and | acc f 3sg clt | winnow 1pl pres I | and |
17 (a) [0:51] [then] we begin – in the old days we’d hack [the stems from the cobs] on grid racks
| excl | now adv | nom 1pl | begin 1pl pres P | [...] | and | acc f 3sg clt | pound 1pl impf I | one sg n adj | time sg n | on | grid.rack pl f |
18 (VZh) Right.
| thus adv |
19 (a) [0:57] to – back in our time.
| comp | [...] | [...] | during | our sg n adj | time sg n |
20 (VZh) [How did you hack it?]
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21 (a) [0:58] With cudgels. Cudgels, cudgels. [For] such trees, yes.
| cudgel pl f | cudgel pl f | cudgel pl f | but | such pl med adj | tree pl n | yes |
22 (a) [1:03] Big cudgels, [so big] that they could hardly lift them.
| big pl adj | cudgel pl f | which pl rel adj | [...] | hardly adv | acc 3pl clt | lift 3pl impf I | and |
23 (VZh) [Did you gather things in the forest?]
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24 (a) [1:06] Ah we do! How could we not gather [anything]? We gather hazelnuts in the summer
| gather 1pl pres I | how interr | neg | gather 1pl pres I | gather 1pl pres I | hazelnut pl m | summer sg n adj | time sg n |
25 (a) [1:09] and dry them for the winter.
| dry 1pl pres I | acc 3pl clt | for | winter sg f def |
26 (VZh) [How did you go to Vizitsa?]
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27 (a) [1:11] [It’s best] if you go this way. That way is steep. So this [way] you go
| from.here adv | acc refl clt | walk 3sg pres I | from.there adv | there adv | nom n 3sg | 3sg pres cop clt | steep sg n adj | thus adv | disc |
28 (a) [1:15] you go right, left – [the road is] smoothed out, beaten down by the people
| to.the.right adv | to.the.left adv | go 2sg pres I | pres exist | wipe sg f P.part P | trample sg f P.part P | from | people pl def |
29 (a) [1:18] who travel [from here] to Vizitsa.
| rel | travel 3pl pres I | for | to | Vizitsa sg f place |
30 (VZh) [Is it a narrow road?]
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31 (a) [1:21] [It’s] narrow, narrow. A car can’t get through.
| narrow sg f adj | narrow sg f adj | car sg f | neg | can 3sg pres | comp | pass 3sg pres P |
32 (VZh) [How do you do the threshing?]
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33 (a) [1:23] When we gather the sheaves up to thresh, we gather it in the evening
| then adv | when conj | thresh 1pl pres P | sheaf pl m def | and | acc m 3sg clt | gather 1pl pres P | evening adv | acc m 3sg clt | gather 1pl pres I |
34 (a) [1:26] with rakes and push it together. We make it [all] into a pile.
| with | rake n pl | acc m 3sg clt | push 1pl pres I | acc m 3sg clt | [...] | in | pile sg m | acc m 3sg clt | make 1pl pres I |
35 (a) [1:29] We make it into a pile. The women sweep all around it,
| make 1pl pres I | acc m 3sg clt | in | pile sg m | sweep 3pl pres I | acc m 3sg clt | woman pl f def | around adv |
36 (a) [1:32] and the grain is all piled up, and we wait for the wind to blow.
| grain sg n def | acc refl clt | pile.up 3sg pres I | [...] | and | wait 1pl pres I | wind sg m | now adv | comp | blow 3sg pres P | comp |
37 (a) [1:36] [Then] we throw it up with these things we call “nihnitiri” (large pitchforks),
| throw 1pl pres I | with | large.pitchfork pl m | dat 3pl clt | say 1pl impf I | one pl adj | such pl med adj |
38 (a) [1:40] with four or five prongs. We rake it and throw it into the air.
| with | four | five | tooth ct m | scoop 1pl pres I | and | throw 1pl pres P | to | air sg m def |
39 (a) [1:43] The wind takes the straw, and the grain falls here on the other side
| straw sg f def | acc f 3sg clt | take 3sg pres I | wind sg m def | grain sg n def | fall 3sg pres I | here adv | of | other sg f def adj | side sg f |
40 (a) [1:46] The women sweep it up with a broom – they sweep it up and we pile it like this in –
| and | sweep 3sg pres I | woman pl f def | with | broom sg f def | sweep 3sg pres I | and | acc n 3sg clt | push 1pl pres I | thus med adv | in |
41 (a) [1:51] we “dermonize” it, [run it] through a “dermon” (big sieve)!
| sift.coarsely 1pl pres I | acc n 3sg clt | later adv | through | large.sieve sg m |
42 (VZh) [And after that you winnow it?]
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43 (a) [1:54] It’s been winnowed already! The grain is winnowed.
| nom n 3sg | 3sg pres cop clt | winnow sg n P.part P | this sg n med adj | already adv | this sg n med adj | 3sg pres cop clt | winnow sg n P.part P | grain sg n def |
44 (VZh) [Ah, so you’ve winnowed it already?]
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45 (a) [1:57] Yes, before that it’s – we winnow it.
| yes | before | this sg n med adj | acc refl clt | and | acc n 3sg clt | winnow 1pl pres I |