Ronelle Alexander
Village Image:
Kolju Marinovo 2
1 (VZh) And what did you [use] to reap with?
| and | with | what sg n interr | reap 2pl impf I |
2 (a) [0:02] Huh?
| disc |
3 (VZh) What did you reap with? That thing that you use to reap with,
| with | what sg n interr | reap 2pl impf I | that sg n adj | rel | reap 2pl pres I | with | acc n 3sg |
4 (VZh) what do you call it?
| how interr | acc n 3sg clt | call 2pl pres I |
5 (c) [0:05] Ah, …
| hes |
6 (a) [0:05] A sickle.
| sickle sg m |
7 (c) [0:05] … how can I tell you?
| hes | how interr | comp | tell 1sg pres P |
8 (a) [0:06] It’s curved, like this.
| nom n 3sg | 3sg pres cop clt | thus adv | curve sg n P.part P |
9 (c) [0:07] [You reap] with a sickle, and you put a swaphook on this hand.
| with | sickle sg m | and | swaphook sg f | fut | put 2sg pres P | to | this sg f adj | hand sg f |
10 (VZh) Aha.
| bkch |
11 (a) [0:09] On this hand, [it’s] wooden
| to | this sg f adj | hand sg f | wooden sg f adj |
12 (c) [0:10] Wooden, with fingers…
| wooden sg f adj | with | finger pl m |
13 (VZh) [Ah,] so you don’t – that is –
| comp | neg | acc refl clt | do.such 2sg pres I |
14 (c) [0:12] That’s right.
| disc |
15 (a) [0:13] Otherwise …
| otherwise adv |
16 (c) [0:13] So, you shove [your arm] into it
| thus adv | fut | acc f 3sg clt | shove 2sg pres P |
17 (c) [0:13] … you’ll cut your hand! [laughter] It’s this wooden thing
| fut | dat refl clt | cut 2sg pres P | hand sg f def | this sg n adj | 3sg pres cop clt | wooden sg n adj |
18 (a) [0:16] that you shove [your arm] into like this, into these little fingers,
| rel | acc n 3sg clt | shove 2sg pres P | here adv | in | this pl adj | finger pl n |
19 (f) [0:19] [unintelligible]
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20 (a) [0:20] and with this and the sickle, you –
| and | with | this sg n adj | with | sickle sg m def |
[…]
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21 (f) [0:21] Whoever come after this …
| who sg m rel | come 3sg pres P | from.now adv |
22 (a) [0:21] you gather, you cut [the wheat], you gather it, you cut it.
| gather 2sg pres P | cut 2sg pres P | acc n 3sg clt | gather 2sg pres P | cut 2sg pres P | acc n 3sg clt |
23 (f) [0:21] … [just] give them each a hoe and a sickle and a swaphook,
| give 2pl imv I | by | one f sg adj | hoe sg f | by | one sg m adj | sickle sg m | and | by | one f sg adj | swaphook sg f |
24 (f) [0:25] so they can see how it’s done.
| comp | see 3pl pres P | how interr | acc refl clt | work 3sg pres I |
25 (c) [0:26] We don’t have any swaphooks any more, and we lost the sickles.
| not.have 1pl pres I | swaphook pl f | already adv | lose 1pl aor P | acc 3pl clt | nom 1pl | sickle pl m def |
26 (b) [0:28] Well, I have one.
| disc | but | nom 1sg | have 1sg pres I |
27 (a) [0:29] [cough]
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28 (c) [0:29] You do?
| have 2sg pres I | interr clt |
29 (a) [0:30] All of mine are still here,
| everything sg n def adj | dat 1sg clt | stand 3sg pres I |
30 (GK) You have [some]?
| pres exist |
31 (a) [0:32] I’m hiding them [away] …
| nom 1sg | acc 3pl clt | hide 1sg pres I |
32 (GK) Do you have four [of them]?
| four | have 2pl pres I | interr clt |
33 (c) [0:33] [laughter]
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34 (a) [0:33] … until some [future] time when they’ll put them [in my coffin] with me.
| to | some.time adv | fut | dat 1sg clt | acc 3pl clt | put 3pl pres P |
35 (GK) Well, if you have them, [just] give us four swaphooks and four sickles
| four | swaphook pl f | and | four | sickle ct m | if conj | have 2pl pres I | give 2pl imv I | and | comp |
36 (d) [0:36] Oh, we’ll find [some], to be sure!
| fut | find 1pl pres P | all.manner adv |
37 (RA) [laughter]
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38 (c) [0:37] [laughter]
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39 (a) [0:37] [laughter]
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40 (f) [0:38] [But] there’s nothing to [reap]!
| pres neg exist | what sg n interr | comp |
41 (d) [0:39] Back in the old days [we had] these carriages –
| one sg n adj | time sg n | one pl adj | carriage pl f |
42 (c) [0:40] Well, there’s nothing to reap now [anyway].
| disc | pres neg exist | what sg n interr | comp | acc refl clt | reap 3sg pres I | now adv |
43 (RA) [laughter] Huh!
| disc |
44 (a) [0:43] Anything else?
| still adv | something sg n |
45 (RA) Hm
| disc |
46 (c) [0:44] Ah –
| disc |
47 (VZh) [Yes,] the threshing. Tell [us] how you used to do the threshing.
| for | threshing sg f def | hes | tell 2sg imv P | how interr | thresh 2pl impf I |
48 (d) [0:46] We women need to go off now to plow.
| now adv | must pres I imprs | comp | go 1pl pres P | comp | plow 1pl pres P | nom 1pl | woman pl f def |
49 (a) [0:48] [Ah,] the threshing. [Well,] the men, after we reap, the men tie it all up
| threshing sg f def | man pl m def | when conj | reap 1pl pres I | man pl m def | acc 3pl clt | tie 3pl pres I |
50 (a) [0:52] in sheaves, that’s what we call them about …
| in | sheaf pl m | dat m 3sg clt | call 1pl pres I | thus adv | of |
51 (d) [0:56] You need to [unintelligible]
| must pres I imprs | comp |
52 (a) [0:57] … this size, this thick. We call them sheaves.
| so.big sg n adj | such sg n adj | thick sg n adj | thus adv | sheaf pl f | dat m 3sg clt | call 1pl pres I | nom 1pl |
53 (RA) Uh huh.
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bkch
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54 (GK) [aside] That must be the former Party secretary.
| surely adv | 3sg pres cop clt | former sg f def adj | party sg f adj | secretary sg f |
55 (a) [1:05] Yes –
| yes |
56 (GK) What?
| disc |
57 (GK) So now, how did – that is, when you go to the field –
| now adv | how interr | acc refl clt | when conj | go 3pl pres P | mean 3sg pres I | to | field sg f def |
58 (VZh) Yes, about [these] sheaves.
| yes | disc | sheaf pl m def |
59 (GK) when you set out to – to do the reaping, how did people arrange themselves?
| how conj | set.off 3pl pres I | comp | comp | reap 3pl pres I | how interr | acc refl clt | arrange 3pl pres I |
60 (a) [1:14] [laughter]
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61 (c) [1:14] Into lanes (specific sections of the field).
| in | reaping.track pl m |
62 (a) [1:15] my mind’s gone off wandering somewhere [laughter]
| take.away 3sg aor P | dat 1sg clt | mind sg m def | to | elsewhere adv |
63 (c) [1:16] [laughter]
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64 (a) [1:16] [laughter]
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65 (c) [1:19] So you reap like this …
| thus adv | reap 2sg pres I |
66 (b) [1:19] [unintelligible]
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67 (c) [1:20] … in handfuls, and the men bind it up. They make a cord from the very –
| in | handful pl f | man pl m def | acc n 3sg clt | tie 3pl pres I | make 3pl pres I | rope pl n | from | exactly adv |
68 (c) [1:25] from the wheat itself, and [use] it to bind up the sheaves.
| from | wheat sg n def | dat refl clt | rel | and | acc n 3sg clt | tie 3pl pres I | in | sheaf pl m |
69 (c) [1:28] They gather them up, and make them into big cruciforms, like this.
| acc 3pl clt | gather 3pl pres I | make 3pl pres I | acc 3pl clt | thus adv | in | cross pl m | in | big pl adj |
70 (c) [1:33] Then when it comes time for the threshing, we make threshing fields like this,
| later adv | when inter.rel | come 3sg pres P | time sg n | for | threshing sg f def | make 1pl pres I | threshing.field pl m | thus adv | ost | so.big adv |
71 (c) [1:37] as big as this here. And they bring in the sheaves, with the threshing boards
| so.much rel | disc | this sg n adj | and | bring 3pl pres I | sheaf pl m def | and | with | threshing.board pl f |
72 (c) [1:42] and with oxen, and you thresh: [the oxen] circle round, and then you grind it.
| and | with | ox pl m | and | acc refl clt | thresh 3sg pres I | circle 3sg pres I | acc refl clt | and | acc refl clt | grind 3sg pres P |
73 (c) [1:44] Then in the evening, you winnow it –
| then adv | evening sg f def | acc n 3sg clt | winnow 2sg pres P |
74 (a) [1:45] It gets ground. We had machines [for that].
| grind 3sg pres P | acc refl clt | machine pl f | have 1pl impf I |
75 (c) [1:46] you winnow it [with] machines.
| machine pl f | acc n 3sg clt | winnow 2sg pres P |
76 (a) [1:47] We winnow it.
| winnow 1pl pres I | acc n 3sg clt |
77 (f) [1:48] Why are they asking questions? Now they’ll just see what it is!
| for | what sg n interr | inquire 3pl pres I | nom 3pl | now adv | fut | acc n 3sg clt | see 3pl pres P | what sg n adj | 3sg pres cop clt | adrs |
78 (a) [1:50] And now?
| disc | now adv | interr clt |
79 (k) [1:51] Now [it’s different], right?
| now adv | interr |
80 (a) [1:51] [laughter]
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81 (VZh) What do you winnow it with? What do you call that thing
| with | what sg n interr | acc n 3sg clt | winnow 2pl pres I | how interr | acc refl clt | call 3sg pres I | this sg n adj |
82 (VZh) that – that lifts up?
| rel | acc 3pl clt | hes | rel | acc refl clt | raise 3sg pres I |
83 (c) [1:55] Way long ago, in the old days …
| and | most | before adv | one sg n adj | time sg n |
84 (GK) [Yes,] what was it like in the old days?
| one sg n adj | time sg n | how interr | 3sg pres aux clt | sg n L.part cop |
85 (c) [1:57] … the really old people [used] a two-pronged pitchfork
| exactly adv | old pl def adj | people pl | with | pitchfork pl f |
86 (a) [1:58] Oh, in the old days it was …
| disc | one sg n adj | time sg n | 3sg pres aux clt | sg n L.part cop |
87 (c) [1:59] They toss it up into the wind –
| throw 3pl pres I | in | wind sg m def |
88 (a) [2:00] … it’s with shovels …
| on | shovel pl f | 3sg pres cop clt |
89 (c) [2:00] toss it, toss it …
| throw 3pl pres I | throw 3pl pres I |
90 (a) [2:01] … shovels [that were] this wide …
| shovel pl f | ost | so.big pl adj | wide pl adj |
91 (c) [2:03] … and it gets winnowed.
| and | acc refl clt | winnow 3sg pres I |
92 (a) [2:04] … and this long.
| and | so.big adv | long pl adj |
93 (GK) And what are they called?
| and | how interr | acc refl clt | call 3pl pres I |
94 (a) [2:06] A shovel.
| shovel sg f |
95 (c) [2:07] There are [the old] pitchforks, there are shovels,
| and | pitchfork pl f | pres exist | and | shovel pl f | pres exist |
96 (GK) Pi-
| […] |
97 (c) [2:08] and there are [modern] pitchforks, that you toss about when you thresh.
| and | pitchfork pl f | pres exist | rel | acc refl clt | toss 3pl pres I | when inter.rel | acc refl clt | thresh 3sg pres I |