Hvojna 1

1 (a) [0:02]      Whoever has sheep would go to the dairy farm. When they go [there] they first

who sg m rel med adj have 3sg pres I sheep pl f go 3sg impf I
to
dairy.farm sg f interr go 3pl pres P
to
dairy.farm sg f most before adv

2 (a) [0:06]      deal with the milking, so as to figure out who gets how much milk from how many sheep.

to
milk.division sg m
comp
dat refl clt
distribute 3pl pres P
from
how.many interr adv sheep pl f what sg n interr can pres imprs
comp
receive 3sg pres P

3 (a) [0:11]      and when they’ve determined what they called the “pail” [amount], how many “pails”

and
when conj
acc refl clt
3sg pres aux clt
determine sg n L.part P call 3pl impf I
acc n 3sg clt
pail pl n how.many interr pail pl n

4 (a) [0:14]      each can get – for instance some have five, and some have ten

can pres imprs
comp
take 3sg pres P for.example adv someone sg m have 3sg pres I five someone sg m ten

5 (a) [0:17]      and when you go to get [your] ten pails, let’s say,

and
when conj go 3sg pres P
dat refl clt
take 3sg pres P ten def med pail pl n
comp
say 1pl pres P

6 (a) [0:20]      they churn it for you right there. It gets churned in a churn,

churn 3pl pres P
dat refl clt
acc n 3sg clt
again adv there adv in
churn sg n
acc refl clt
churn 3sg pres I

7 (a) [0:22]      and butter comes out, as well as “ushmer”, which they pour out separately

and
acc refl clt
turn.out 3sg pres I butter sg n def med
and
ushmer sg m def med
hes
dat refl clt
acc m 3sg clt
pour.out 3pl pres I separately adv

8 (a) [0:27]      The ushmer (mixed soft cheese, flour, milk) you get from fresh milk is best of all.

nom m 3sg
3sg pres cop clt
from
most nice sg n def med adj fresh sg n adj milk sg n ushmer sg m

9 (a) [0:31]      They even made chickens out of ushmer to please the children

even adv
and
for
child pl n def med make 3pl impf I chick pl n
comp
acc refl clt
rejoice 3pl pres I
from
ushmer sg m

10 (a) [0:35]      They shape it [in the form] of a chick, and put charcoal bits for little eyes [laughter]

define 3pl pres P
acc m 3sg clt
like chick sg n
and
coal sg n
dat m 3sg clt
put 3pl pres P
for
eye sg n

11 (a) [0:40]      and children were happy that they brought them chickens from the dairy farm! [laughter]

and
child pl n def med
acc refl clt
rejoice 3pl impf I
that conj
from
dairy.farm sg f chick sg n
3pl pres aux clt
bring pl L.part P

12 (VZh)       [What did you do before the Lenten fast?]

13 (a) [0:43]      When we would prepare for Easter, for [what] we call the fast, [for] Shrovetide,

when rel
acc refl clt
fast 3sg pres I
for
Easter sg m
at
fast sg m
acc m 3sg clt
call 1pl pres I Shrovetide pl.t def med

14 (a) [0:48]      at that time they would tie up halva and boiled eggs for us – they tie it onto the ring

and
then med adv
dat 1pl clt
tie 3pl impf I halva sg f
and
egg pl n boil pl L.part P tie 3pl pres P dat 1pl clt
on
ring.hook sg m def

15 (a) [0:53]      where the children’s cradles were attached – on a plastered [beam] on the ceiling

where rel
3pl pres aux clt
pl L.part cop cradle pl f def med
of
child pl n def med
on
ceiling sg m def
on
plaster sg f def med

16 (a) [0:56]      there’s an iron ring, and they tie it there, and cause it to swing for us.

pres exist ring.hook sg m iron sg n adj tie 3pl pres P
acc n 3sg clt
there adv
and
swing 3pl pres P dat 1pl clt
acc n 3sg clt

17 (a) [1:01]      And we kids were happy because we could, as we called it, jump up for it

and
nom 1pl child pl n def med
acc refl clt
rejoice 1pl pres I that conj fut
acc refl clt
reach 1pl pres I
acc n 3sg clt
call 1pl pres I

18 (a) [1:05]      We [all] jumped for it, and the halva went to whoever caught the egg,

reach 1pl pres I
acc refl clt
who sg m rel grasp 3sg pres P egg sg n def med
for
acc m 3sg
3sg pres cop clt
halva sg f def med

19 (b) [1:08]      [laughter]

20 (VZh)       [What do you hang it on?]

21 (a) [1:09]      It hangs on a string of hemp. They tie into onto the hemp string and we take delight

hang 3sg pres I
on
hemp.cord sg m
to
hemp.cord sg m
acc n 3sg clt
tie 3pl pres P
and
nom 1pl
acc refl clt
rejoice 1pl pres I

22 (a) [1:13]      in how that thing spins around [and in the fact that] children can grasp for it,

that conj
acc refl clt
spin sg n L.part P that sg n dist adj
and
child pl n def med
comp
acc n 3sg clt
grasp 3pl pres P

23 (a) [1:17]      [each one trying to] win the egg so he can eat the halva.

comp
dat n 3sg clt
acc refl clt
fall 3sg pres P egg sg n
comp
eat 3sg pres I
and
halva sg f

24 (a) [1:20]      The older adults wait for the younger ones to come to ask forgiveness [since]

more elderly pl def med adj wait 3pl pres I interr young pl def med adj
comp
come 3pl pres P
comp
acc refl clt
forgive 3pl pres I

25 (a) [1:24]      this is the day of forgiving for the entire year. [The younger ones] bring halva and brandy

this sg n med adj
3sg pres cop clt
day sg m
for
forgive vbl.n I
for
entire sg f adj year sg f carry 3pl pres I halva sg f
and
rakiya sg f

26 (a) [1:28]      to the older ones. They kiss their hands, [saying] “Forgive us whatever we have sinned.”

to
more elderly pl def med adj
and
grasp 3sg pres I hand sg f def med kiss 3sg pres I forgive sg imv I what sg n rel med 1pl pres aux clt sin pl L.part P

27 (a) [1:34]      And the older one says to you “You are forgiven.”

and
old sg m def adj
dat 2sg clt
say 3sg pres P forgiven adv
comp
dat 2sg clt
3sg pres cop clt

28 (VZh)       [How did you do weddings?]

29 (a) [1:37]      [Wed]dings were done in such a way that you either got engaged

[...]
acc refl clt
3sg pres aux clt
do sg f L.part I
by
such sg m med adj manner sg m
that conj
or
acc 3pl clt
betrothe 3pl impf I

30 (a) [1:41]      or they brought the bride straight [to her new home] on the very wedding day

or
directly adv bride sg f def med
acc f 3sg clt
lead 3pl impf I exactly adv
on
wedding sg m def adj day sg m

31 (a) [1:45]      and everyone rejoiced that a maiden was being taken into the house.

and
all pl adj
acc refl clt
rejoice 3pl pres I
that conj
dat refl clt
take 3pl pres I girl sg f
for
into.house adv

32 (VZh)       [So how exactly did they put on weddings?]

33 (a) [1:50]      First they go to get the godfather, with music and with –

most before adv go 3pl pres P
and
take 3pl pres P godfather sg m def with
music sg f def med with
hes

34 (a) [1:52]      all the wedding guests go to get the godfather, and from there they go to the bride’s,

all pl def med adj wedding.guest pl m go 3pl pres I
comp
take 3pl pres P godfather sg m def
and
from.there adv go 3pl pres I
to
bride sg f def med

35 (a) [1:58]      to get her, along with all the wedding party. The bride is waiting

comp
acc f 3sg clt
take 3pl pres P with
entire sg f med adj wedding sg f already adv bride sg f def med wait 3sg pres I

36 (a) [2:00]      for them to put her veil on. Without fail, the godmother will put [on her] a veil

comp
dat f 3sg clt
put 3pl pres P veil sg n godmother sg f def med fut put 3sg pres P without.fail adv veil sg n def med

37 (a) [2:04]      adorned with green stems of plum, or of something fruit-bearing

with
green pl adj stem pl f
of
plum sg f
of
hes
something sg n which sg n rel adj
3sg pres cop clt
fertile sg n adj

38 (a) [2:07]      so that the bride also will be fertile.

for
comp
be 3sg pres P
and
bride sg f def med fertile sg f adj

39 (b) [2:10]      So she’ll give birth more often.

comp
bear 3sg pres I more adv

40 (VZh)       [And how do they prepare the newlyweds?]

41 (a) [2:12]      The godfather comes in and sits down, all the men sit there and toast each other.

enter 3pl pres P godfather sg m def med sit 3sg pres I
hes
comp
acc refl clt
treat 3sg pres P with
man pl m def med all pl adj sit 3pl pres I

42 (a) [2:16]      while the women are curious to see the bride, and how the veil looks on her,

and
woman pl f def med be.curious 3pl pres I
comp
see 3pl pres P bride sg f def med how interr fut
dat f 3sg clt
stand 3sg pres I veil sg n def med

43 (a) [2:20]      whether the godmother has done it as she should. They prepare the bride

hes
godmother sg f def med how interr fut
acc f 3sg clt
do 3sg pres P how interr know.how 3sg pres I do 3pl pres P
acc f 3sg clt
bride sg f def med

44 (a) [2:24]      and let fall the “curtain” in front of her. We called the veil a “curtain”

and
dat f 3sg clt
release f 3sg P curtain sg n def med in.front adv veil sg n def med curtain sg n
acc n 3sg clt
call 1pl impf I

45 (a) [2:26]      not a veil, like now. [So] the curtain is dropped in front of her face

neg
3sg pres cop clt
veil sg n as now adv curtain sg n def med
dat f 3sg clt
3sg pres cop clt
release sg n P.part P before face sg n def med

46 (a) [2:31]      and [her face] is uncovered only when the priest marries her

and
fut
acc f 3sg clt
uncover 3pl pres P already adv when rel
comp
acc f 3sg clt
wed 3sg pres I priest sg m def med

47 (a) [2:33]      (in those days they had church ceremonies). The priest lifts the veil and asks her

then med adv
acc refl clt
wed 3pl impf I priest sg m def fut
acc f 3sg clt
uncover 3sg pres P
hes
ask 3sg pres I
acc f 3sg clt

48 (a) [2:37]      “Do you love this young man?” and they’ll ask the boy

love 2sg pres I
interr clt
acc n 3sg clt
nom 2sg boy sg n def med
and
boy sg n def med fut ask 3pl pres I

49 (a) [2:40]      “Do you love this young woman? Do you wish to be married to her?”

love 2sg pres I
interr clt
acc f 3sg clt
this sg f med adj girl sg f
comp
acc refl clt
wed 2pl pres I with
acc f 3sg

50 (a) [2:43]      And they say that they love one another. After that they lead them to

and
say 3pl pres I that conj
acc refl clt
love 3pl pres I
and
after adv
acc 3pl clt
lead 3pl pres I
to

51 (a) [2:46]      in front of the multicolored stone in the church – each church has a colored stone

before multicolored sg m def adj stone sg m in
church sg f def med each sg f adj church sg f have 3sg pres I multicolored sg m adj stone sg m

52 (a) [2:49]      and they marry them in front of the multicolored stone. There, the godfather holds candles

before multicolored sg m def adj stone sg m
acc 3pl clt
wed 3pl pres I there adv already adv godfather sg m def
dat 3pl clt
hold 3sg pres I candle pl f

53 (a) [2:54]      at their shoulders to give light, and the priest reads to them [about]

at
shoulder pl n def med
comp
dat 3pl clt
light 3sg pres I
and
nom 3pl priest sg m def
dat 3pl clt
read 3sg pres I

54 (a) [2:58]      how they must live, [that] they should behave reasonably and ponder everything,

how interr must pres I imprs
comp
live 3pl pres I
comp
acc refl clt
get.on.well 3pl pres I sensibly adv
comp
consider 3pl pres I everything sg n def med adj

55 (a) [3:01]      not to hurry, and that the most important is to respect their parents.

not
comp
hurry 3pl pres I
and
comp
respect 3pl pres I parent pl m def med most important adv

         Whoever has sheep would go to the dairy farm. When they go [there] they first


         deal with the milking, so as to figure out who gets how much milk from how many sheep.


         and when they’ve determined what they called the “pail” [amount], how many “pails”


         each can get – for instance some have five, and some have ten


         and when you go to get [your] ten pails, let’s say,


         they churn it for you right there. It gets churned in a churn,


         and butter comes out, as well as “ushmer”, which they pour out separately


         The ushmer (mixed soft cheese, flour, milk) you get from fresh milk is best of all.


         They even made chickens out of ushmer to please the children


         They shape it [in the form] of a chick, and put charcoal bits for little eyes [laughter]


         and children were happy that they brought them chickens from the dairy farm! [laughter]


         [What did you do before the Lenten fast?]


         When we would prepare for Easter, for [what] we call the fast, [for] Shrovetide,


         at that time they would tie up halva and boiled eggs for us – they tie it onto the ring


         where the children’s cradles were attached – on a plastered [beam] on the ceiling


         there’s an iron ring, and they tie it there, and cause it to swing for us.


         And we kids were happy because we could, as we called it, jump up for it


         We [all] jumped for it, and the halva went to whoever caught the egg,


         [laughter]


         [What do you hang it on?]


         It hangs on a string of hemp. They tie into onto the hemp string and we take delight


         in how that thing spins around [and in the fact that] children can grasp for it,


         [each one trying to] win the egg so he can eat the halva.


         The older adults wait for the younger ones to come to ask forgiveness [since]


         this is the day of forgiving for the entire year. [The younger ones] bring halva and brandy


         to the older ones. They kiss their hands, [saying] “Forgive us whatever we have sinned.”


         And the older one says to you “You are forgiven.”


         [How did you do weddings?]


         [Wed]dings were done in such a way that you either got engaged


         or they brought the bride straight [to her new home] on the very wedding day


         and everyone rejoiced that a maiden was being taken into the house.


         [So how exactly did they put on weddings?]


         First they go to get the godfather, with music and with –


         all the wedding guests go to get the godfather, and from there they go to the bride’s,


         to get her, along with all the wedding party. The bride is waiting


         for them to put her veil on. Without fail, the godmother will put [on her] a veil


         adorned with green stems of plum, or of something fruit-bearing


         so that the bride also will be fertile.


         So she’ll give birth more often.


         [And how do they prepare the newlyweds?]


         The godfather comes in and sits down, all the men sit there and toast each other.


         while the women are curious to see the bride, and how the veil looks on her,


         whether the godmother has done it as she should. They prepare the bride


         and let fall the “curtain” in front of her. We called the veil a “curtain”


         not a veil, like now. [So] the curtain is dropped in front of her face


         and [her face] is uncovered only when the priest marries her


         (in those days they had church ceremonies). The priest lifts the veil and asks her


         “Do you love this young man?” and they’ll ask the boy


         “Do you love this young woman? Do you wish to be married to her?”


         And they say that they love one another. After that they lead them to


         in front of the multicolored stone in the church – each church has a colored stone


         and they marry them in front of the multicolored stone. There, the godfather holds candles


         at their shoulders to give light, and the priest reads to them [about]


         how they must live, [that] they should behave reasonably and ponder everything,


         not to hurry, and that the most important is to respect their parents.


1 (a) [0:02]       ко̀йту ѝмә ўо̀фце hо̀деш’ѐ нә ма̀ндрә нәлѝ утѝдәт нә ма̀ндрә на̀й нәпр’ѐт

2 (a) [0:06]       нә здо̀й дә си рәспредел’ъ̀т ут ко̀лку о̀фце кәкво̀ мо̀же дә пулу̀чи

3 (a) [0:11]       и кәт сә ə упредел’ѝло вѝкәhә гу в’едра̀ ко̀лку в’едра̀

4 (a) [0:14]       мо̀же дә з’ѐме нәпрѝм’ер н’а̀куй ѝмә п’ʌ̟̀т н’а̀куй д’ѐс’əт

5 (a) [0:17]       и кәт ѝде си зъ̀ме д’ѐсетту в’едра̀ дә ка̀жеме

6 (a) [0:20]       избъ̀ркәт си гу па̀к та̀м вәв бурѝлу сә бъ̀ркә

7 (a) [0:22]       и сә иска̀рувә ма̀слуту ә уш’м’ѐрәт ə си гу утсѝпувәт уд’ѐлну

8 (a) [0:27]       то̀й йе уд на̀й hу̀бәвуту пр’а̀сну мл’а̀ку уш’м’ѐр’

9 (a) [0:31]       да̀ж’е и нә деца̀тә пра̀веhә пѝл’етә дә сә ра̀двәт уд уш’м’ѐр’

10 (a) [0:35]       упредел’ъ̀д гу кәту пѝл’енце и въ̀гәлч’е му сло̀ж’әт зә уч’ѝнку [смях]

11 (a) [0:40]       и деца̀тә сә ра̀двәhә чи уд ма̀ндрә пѝл’е сә дун’ѐли [смях]

12 (VZh)       [Какво се прави преди велики пости?]

13 (a) [0:43]       куга̀ту сә зәгув’а̀вә зә велѝгден нә пу̀с гу вѝкәме за̀гув’ѐзните

14 (a) [0:48]       и туга̀вә ни въ̀рзувәhә hәлвъ̀ и йа̀йцә свәр’ѐни въ̀ржәт н’ѝ нә мәзо̀нә

15 (a) [0:53]       д’ѐт сә билѝ л’у̀л’ките нә деца̀тә нә тәва̀нә нә ба̀дәмәтә

16 (a) [0:56]       ѝмә мәзо̀н ж’ѐл’езну въ̀ржәд гу та̀м и зәл’у̀шкәт нѝ гу

17 (a) [1:01]       и нѝе деца̀тә сә ра̀двәме ч’е ш’е се ла̀цкәме гу вѝкәм’е

18 (a) [1:05]       ла̀цкәм’ѐ се ко̀йту фа̀не йәц’ѐту зә н’ѐгу е hәлвъ̂̀тә

19 (b) [1:08]       [смях]

20 (VZh)       [На какво окачвате?]

21 (a) [1:09]       висѝ нә кәнда̀п нә кәнда̀б гу въ̂̀ржәт и н’ѐ сә ра̀двәм’е

22 (a) [1:13]       ч’е сә зәвәрт’а̀лу унува̀ и деца̀тә дә гу фа̀нәт

23 (a) [1:17]       дә му сә па̀дне йәйц’ѐ дә әд’ѐ и hәлвъ̀

24 (a) [1:20]       по̀ въ̀зрәсните ч’е̂̀кәт нәлѝ мла̀дит’е дә до̀дәт дә сә прушта̀вәт

25 (a) [1:24]       ту̭ва̀ е д’ѐн’ зә прушта̀вәне зә ц’а̀лә гуд’ѝнә но̀с’әт hәлвъ̂̀ и рәкѝйә

26 (a) [1:28]       нә по̀ въ̂̀зрәснит’е и фа̀штә рәкъ̀тә целу̀вә прушта̀вәй кәкво̀ту см’е згреш’ѝли

27 (a) [1:34]       и ста̀рийә ти ка̀ж’е про̀сту дә ти йе

28 (VZh)       [Как се правеше сватба?]

29 (a) [1:37]       əтə сə ə пра̀вилə пу тəкъ̂̀ф на̀чин че ели ги зəгуд’а̀вəхə

30 (a) [1:41]       ели нəпра̀ву бу̀лкəтə йə во̀д’ехə то̀чну ф сва̀дбенийə д’ѐн

31 (a) [1:45]       и сѝчки сə ра̀двəт че си зѝмəт мума̀ зə фкъ̂̀шти

32 (VZh)       [И как точно ставаше сватбата?]

33 (a) [1:50]       на̀й нәпр’ѐт утѝдәт тә з’ъ̂̀мәт кумъ̂̀ сәс му̀зикәтә сәс ə

34 (a) [1:52]       сѝч’кит’е свәдба̀ри ут’ѝвәт дә з’ѐмәт кумъ̂̀ и ута̀м ут’ѝвәт у бу̀лкәтә

35 (a) [1:58]       дә йә з’ъ̂̀мәт сәс ц’а̀ләтә сва̀дбә в’е̂̀ч’е бу̀лкәтә ч’е̂̀кә

36 (a) [2:00]       дә и сло̀жәт ва̀лу кума̀тә ш’е сло̀ж’и непрем’ѐну ва̀луту

37 (a) [2:04]       сәз зел’ѐни дръ̀ш’ч’ѝци ут сл’ѝвә ут ә н’ѐшту куѐту е ружделѝву

38 (a) [2:07]       зә дә бъ̀де и бу̀лкәтә ружделѝвә

39 (b) [2:10]       дə ра̀дə по̀ече

40 (VZh)       [А как приготвят младите?]

41 (a) [2:12]       л’ѐзнәт кумъ̀т с’а̀дә ə дә сә пуч’ѐрпи сәс мәж’ѐт’е сѝч’ки с’а̀дәт

42 (a) [2:16]       ә ж’ен’ѝт’е л’убопѝтсвәт дә вѝд’әд бу̀лкәтә ка̀к ш’е и стуѝ ва̀луту

43 (a) [2:20]       е кума̀тә ка̀к ш’е йә нәпра̀и ка̀к ум’ѐе нәпра̀в’әт йә бу̀лкәтә

44 (a) [2:24]       и hи пу̀сне перд’ѐнцету утпр’ѐткә ва̀луту перд’ѐ гу вѝкәhме

45 (a) [2:26]       н’ѐ е ва̀лу кәкту с’ега̀ перд’ѐту hи е пу̀снәту пред лѝцету

46 (a) [2:31]       и ште йә уткрѝйәт в’ѐч’е куга̀ту дә йә венц’е̂̀вә по̀пәт

47 (a) [2:33]       туга̀вә сә венч’е̂̀вәhә по̀пә ш’е е уткрѝйе м ə пѝтә йә

48 (a) [2:37]       убѝч’әш’ ли гу тѝ мумч’ѐту и мумч’ѐту ш’е пѝтәт

49 (a) [2:40]       убѝч’әш’ ли йә та̀йә мума̀ дә сә венч’е̂̀ете сәс н’ѐе

50 (a) [2:43]       и ка̀звәт ч’е се убѝчәт и по̀сл’е ги во̀д’әт нə

51 (a) [2:46]       пр’ет ш’е̂̀ренийә ка̀мәк вәф чъ̀рквәтә с’а̀кә чъ̀рквә ѝмә ш’е̂̀рен ка̀мәк

52 (a) [2:49]       прет ш’е̂̀ренийә ка̀мәк ги венч’е̂̀вәт та̀м в’ѐч’е кумъ̂̀ hим дәрж’ѝ св’ѐш’т’и

53 (a) [2:54]       нә рәмена̀тә дә им св’ѐт’и и т’ѐ по̀пә им ч’ет’ѐ

54 (a) [2:58]       ка̀к тр’а̀вә дә ж’ив’ѐйәд дә сә пуга̀дәт рәзу̀мну дә рәзмѝсл’увәт сѝчкуту

55 (a) [3:01]       н’ѐ дә бъ̀рзәт и дә увәж’е̂̀вәт рудѝтелите на̀й ва̀жну

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Comments and questions may be addressed to bdlt@berkeley.edu.

Recommended Model for Citations

Bulgarian Dialectology as Living Tradition [2016] (http://www.bulgariandialectology.org, visited on 1 March 2016)
Babjak 1: 13-15. In: Bulgarian Dialectology as Living Tradition [2016] (http://www.bulgariandialectology.org, visited on 1 March 2016)

Text | by Dr. Radut