Vŭrbina 2

1 (VZh)       [Did you sow lentils?]

2 (a) [0:01]      We sow them, then they bloom, and then they become seeds.

acc f 3sg clt
sow 1pl pres P
and
then med adv bloom 3sg pres P
acc refl clt
and
and
become 3sg pres P seed pl n

3 (a) [0:05]      And when they’re ripe we harvest them. We pound them down with chunks of wood

and
when inter.rel
ripen 3sg pres P
acc f 3sg clt
pluck 1pl pres I
and
pound 1pl pres I
acc f 3sg clt
with
with
wooden.club pl m

4 (a) [0:09]      we pound them with pitchforks, but on this – indoors on a porch

with
pitchfork pl f pound 1pl pres P
acc f 3sg clt
and
but
to
such sg n dist adj inside adv
to
porch sg m

5 (a) [0:15]      Back then there wasn’t [anything] cement [outdoors], so [we did it] indoors

neg
3sg pres aux clt
disc neg
3sg pres aux clt
L.part exist then dist adv cement sg n P.part P
and
inside adv

6 (a) [0:19]      there, on boards on the porch. How can you process them [there] in the soil?

there adv
to
porch sg m def dist
to
board pl f def dist where interr fut
acc n 3sg clt
gather 2sg pres I in
soil sg m def dist

7 (a) [0:23]      Lentils aren’t for eating anyway! [laughter]

lentils sg f def dist
acc refl clt
neg
eat 3sg pres I

8 (VZh)       [Did you cook up lentils often?]

9 (a) [0:26]      We ate more beans that we did lentils. Lentils will keep [your energy up]

beans sg m def dist
acc refl clt
more eat 3sg pres I more lentils sg f def dist nom f 3sg lentils sg f def dist keep 3sg pres I

10 (a) [0:31]      only long enough to get you under the house! [laughter]

so.much rel dist
to
under
house sg f def dist
comp
go 2sg pres P

11 (VZh)       [laughter]

12 (a) [0:36]      Well how [else]? That’s how it is, isn’t it?

and
disc
how interr thus dist adv neg
3sg pres cop clt

13 (VZh)       [What did you feed the animals?]

14 (a) [0:39]      Well, corn, grain – they eat everything! So that’s what we gave them.

and
and
corn sg m
and
rye sg n nom 3pl eat 3pl pres I everything sg n adj
and
thus med adv
dat 3pl clt
give 1pl impf I

15 (a) [0:43]      What [else] will you feed them? Animals can’t live if you don’t give them

what indcl interr fut
acc 3pl clt
feed 2sg pres I disc
neg
live 3sg pres I animal sg m def dist if conj
dat m 3sg clt
neg
give 2sg pres I

16 (a) [0:46]      [food] of the sort that we eat [too].

from
rel dist nom 1pl eat 1pl pres I

17 (VZh) [0:49]      Which [animal do you refer to when] you say “cattle”?

to
which sg n interr adj call 2pl pres I cattle pl n

18 (a) [0:51]      Ah – to the ones we have – cows. We call those “cattle”.

disc
to rel dist have 1pl pres I cow pl f
and
acc 3pl clt
cattle pl n call 1pl pres I

19 (VZh)       [How do you call the young?]

20 (a) [0:55]      Well, that’s a calf.

this sg n med adj again adv what indcl
3sg pres cop clt
calf sg n def dist

21 (VZh) [0:58]      Umhm.

bkch

22 (a) [0:59]      When it’s born you’ll look after it, if you [decide] to keep it.

when inter.rel
acc refl clt
bear 3sg pres P again adv fut
acc n 3sg clt
look 2sg pres I
if conj
acc n 3sg clt
look 2sg pres I

23 (a) [1:00]      If you don’t [decide to] keep it, you look after it a month or two

when inter.rel
acc n 3sg clt
neg
look 2sg pres I
and
one sg m adj month sg m
acc n 3sg clt
look sg imv I two m

24 (a)       and then slaughter it. [laughter]

and
and
slaughter sg imv P
acc n 3sg clt

25 (VZh)       [And how long is a cow’s pregnancy?]

26 (a) [1:07]      [inaudible] months

month ct m

27 (VZh) [1:08]      How many?

how.many interr

28 (a) [1:08]      A cow carries [her calf] nine months.

nine month ct m
acc n 3sg clt
carry 3sg pres I cow sg f def dist

29 (VZh) [1:10]      Umhm. And how do you call it when [the cow] gives birth?

bkch
and
how interr
acc n 3sg clt
call 2sg pres I when conj
acc refl clt
bear 3sg pres P

30 (b) [1:12]      It has calved.

calve sg f L.part P
acc refl clt

31 (a) [1:14]      The cow calves, and a calf is born!

calve 3sg pres I
acc refl clt
cow sg f def dist
and
bear 3sg pres I calf sg n

32 (VZh) [1:17]      Yes. So then what happens after a year [has passed]? How do you call it?

yes later adv what sg n interr become 3sg pres I
at
one f sg adj year f sg how interr
dat n 3sg clt
say 2pl pres I

33 (a) [1:19]      [After] a year –

one sg f adj year sg f again adv

34 (b) [1:20]      Heifer.

heifer sg f

35 (a) [1:21]      Well, we – they call it a heifer.

again adv
dat n 3sg clt
[...]
call 3pl pres I heifer sg f

36 (VZh) [1:22]      What?

how interr

37 (a) [1:23]      A heifer.

heifer sg f

38 (VZh) [1:23]      Yes? After that?

yes later adv

39 (a) [1:25]      Then if it’s a male, [you say] an ox has been born. Hah.

later adv when inter.rel
3sg pres cop clt
male sg n adj again adv ox sg m
acc refl clt
3sg pres aux clt
bear sg m L.part P excl

40 (a) [1:29]      If it’s a female, a heifer. [We call it] an ox when it gets big –

when inter.rel
3sg pres cop clt
female sg n adj heifer sg f ox sg m
3sg pres cop clt
again adv when inter.rel become 3sg pres P big sg n adj

41 (a) [1:32]      when [cough] it’s two or three years old, when [it’s old enough] to plow.

when inter.rel
two f year pl f then med adv
at
three
comp
plow 3pl pres I

42 (VZh)       [How did you do the plowing?]

43 (a) [1:35]      With the oxen we plowed like this – what we did was not like the way

plow 1pl impf I with
ox pl m thus prox adv rel med
1pl pres cop clt
disc
neg
3sg pres cop clt
with
[...]
such pl dist adj

44 (a) [1:40]      they plow now, with tractors and who knows what, but with a wooden plow.

like prox now adv plow 3pl pres I with
tractor pl m
and
with
who.knows adv what indcl interr disc with
plow pl n

45 (a) [1:47]      I did the plowing and the digging, and I plowed with the oxen

and
plow sg f L.part I 1sg pres aux clt
and
and
dig sg f L.part I 1sg pres aux clt
and
and
with
ox pl m def dist 1sg pres aux clt plow sg f L.part I

46 (a) [1:52]      like a man, because my husband had gone off to earn a living for us,

like med man sg m because husband sg m def
dat 1sg clt
3sg pres aux clt
go m I
comp
dat 1sg clt
earn 3sg pres I

47 (a) [1:56]      and to feed me. I took [him on in marriage] as an orphan. That’s how it is.

and
comp
acc 1sg clt
feed 3sg pres I orphan sg m 1sg pres aux clt take sg f L.part P
and
this sg n med adj
3sg pres cop clt

48 (VZh)       [And did you bake bread?]

49 (a) [2:00]      Every evening, I baked bread for the municipality, a large kneading trough [full].

evening adv
by
one sg f trough sg f big sg f adj
to
municipality sg f def prox 1sg pres aux clt bake sg f L.part I bread sg m

50 (a) [2:04]      We didn’t have an outdoor oven or anything. There was one oven here near me,

not.have 1pl impf I
neither
oven sg f
neither
nothing indcl here adv impf exist
by
acc 1sg one sg f adj oven sg f

51 (a) [2:08]      [the only one] in the the whole village [unintelligible] Just [the] one oven and

in
here adv entire sg n def med adj village sg n one sg m adj stove sg m impf exist
and

52 (a) [2:12]      so we had to bake five times a day. We would bake from one kneading trough,

and
by
five time pl m
for
day sg m def bake 1pl impf I one sg f def dist adj one sg f def dist adj trough sg f bake 1pl pres P

53 (a) [2:16]      with dough rising in another, and then take it to them at the municipality.

and
other sg f adj ferment f 3sg P
and
to
municipality sg f def dist
comp
acc 3pl clt
carry 3pl pres I

54 (a) [2:18]      I did [all] the baking of bread for them. There wasn’t a large oven like there is now.

nom 1sg
dat 3pl clt
1sg pres aux clt 1sg pres aux clt bread sg m def dist impf neg exist oven sg f inter.rel
3sg pres cop clt
like prox now adv

55 (a) [2:21]      Don’t judge by how many houses there are now – we weren’t so many then.

nom 2sg neg hort look sg imv I now adv many adv house pl f nom 1pl 1pl impf cop neg so.many prox adv

56 (a) [2:25]      The municipal hall was here, here where people pass by, where there’s a –

and
municipality sg f def med
3sg impf cop
here adv rel prox here adv pass 3pl pres I one sg f adj rel prox pres exist

57 (a) [2:29]      this little store now, that’s where it was. There wasn’t anything there [then]

here adv like med store sg n
and
there adv 3sg impf cop disc below adv aor neg exist

58 (a) [2:34]      there were very few houses of us, but now they've multiplied [many times over].

nom 1pl 1pl impf cop little adv house pl f but now adv
3pl pres aux clt
acc refl clt
multiply pl L.part P

59 (VZh)       [So only one oven wasn’t enough?]

60 (a) [2:37]      I would come back bringing starter, and mix up another batch because I couldn’t do

return 1sg pres I
acc refl clt
carry 1sg pres I
hes
and starter sg m
and
again adv other sg m adj knead 1sg pres P because
neg
1sg pres cop clt

61 (a) [2:41]      just one or two. We did five bakings per day [for them] down there,

for
one sg m adj stove sg m
and
two m
by
five stove pl m
1pl pres aux clt
bake pl L.part I down adv

62 (a) [2:45]      for them at the municipality to bring bread to [all of] us.

to
where rel dist municipality sg f def dist
comp
dat 1pl clt
carry 3pl pres I there adv bread sg m def

63 (a) [2:47]      Our oven is not from another place, so don’t jump to conclusions

neg
dat 1pl clt
3sg pres cop clt
from
elsewhere adv outdoor.oven sg f def dist now adv neg hort look sg imv I

64 (a) [2:49]      when you see many ovens here. We had just that one,

when inter.rel
pres exist outdoor.oven pl f here adv one sg f adj outdoor.oven sg f have 1pl impf I

65 (a) [2:52]      and it would take up to thirty loaves. [It was] a small oven.

and
this sg n med adj take 3sg impf I
to
thirty bread ct m outdoor.oven sg f def dist small sg f adj

66 (VZh)       [Your] oven was small.

small sg f adj 3sg impf cop outdoor.oven sg f def dist

67 (a) [3:01]      Yes. The size it had been built earlier on. When I came upon it [it had already] been built.

disc
as.much rel dist
3sg pres aux clt
build sg f P.part P sg f L.part cop before adv
from
what rel dist 1sg pres aux clt find sg f L.part P build sg n P.part P

68 (a) [3:05]      They weren’t going to build anything new [for so few people].

disc impf neg exist there adv
comp
build 3pl pres I
neg
whatever sg n nothing indcl

69 (a) [3:08]      The area is much [more] settled now.

disc now adv
acc refl clt
3sg pres aux clt
setlle sg n L.part P many adv but

         [Did you sow lentils?]


          We sow them, then they bloom, and then they become seeds.


         And when they’re ripe we harvest them. We pound them down with chunks of wood


          we pound them with pitchforks, but on this – indoors on a porch


         Back then there wasn’t [anything] cement [outdoors], so [we did it] indoors


         there, on boards on the porch. How can you process them [there] in the soil?


         Lentils aren’t for eating anyway! [laughter]


         [Did you cook up lentils often?]


          We ate more beans that we did lentils. Lentils will keep [your energy up]


         only long enough to get you under the house! [laughter]


         [laughter]


         Well how [else]? That’s how it is, isn’t it?


         [What did you feed the animals?]


         Well, corn, grain – they eat everything! So that’s what we gave them.


          What [else] will you feed them? Animals can’t live if you don’t give them


         [food] of the sort that we eat [too].


         Which [animal do you refer to when] you say “cattle”?


         Ah – to the ones we have – cows. We call those “cattle”.


         [How do you call the young?]


         Well, that’s a calf.


         Umhm.


         When it’s born you’ll look after it, if you [decide] to keep it.


         If you don’t [decide to] keep it, you look after it a month or two


         and then slaughter it. [laughter]


         [And how long is a cow’s pregnancy?]


         [inaudible] months


         How many?


         A cow carries [her calf] nine months.


         Umhm. And how do you call it when [the cow] gives birth?


         It has calved.


         Yes. So then what happens after a year [has passed]? How do you call it?


         [After] a year –


         Heifer.


         Well, we – they call it a heifer.


         What?


          A heifer.


         Yes? After that?


         Then if it’s a male, [you say] an ox has been born. Hah.


         If it’s a female, a heifer. [We call it] an ox when it gets big –


         when [cough] it’s two or three years old, when [it’s old enough] to plow.


         [How did you do the plowing?]


         With the oxen we plowed like this – what we did was not like the way


         they plow now, with tractors and who knows what, but with a wooden plow.


         I did the plowing and the digging, and I plowed with the oxen


         like a man, because my husband had gone off to earn a living for us,


         and to feed me. I took [him on in marriage] as an orphan. That’s how it is.


         [And did you bake bread?]


         Every evening, I baked bread for the municipality, a large kneading trough [full].


         We didn’t have an outdoor oven or anything. There was one oven here near me,


         [the only one] in the the whole village [unintelligible] Just [the] one oven and


         so we had to bake five times a day. We would bake from one kneading trough,


         with dough rising in another, and then take it to them at the municipality.


         I did [all] the baking of bread for them. There wasn’t a large oven like there is now.


         Don’t judge by how many houses there are now – we weren’t so many then.


         The municipal hall was here, here where people pass by, where there’s a –


         this little store now, that’s where it was. There wasn’t anything there [then]


         there were very few houses of us, but now they've multiplied [many times over].


         [So only one oven wasn’t enough?]


         I would come back bringing starter, and mix up another batch because I couldn’t do


         just one or two. We did five bakings per day [for them] down there,


         for them at the municipality to bring bread to [all of] us.


         Our oven is not from another place, so don’t jump to conclusions


         when you see many ovens here. We had just that one,


         and it would take up to thirty loaves. [It was] a small oven.


         [Your] oven was small.


         Yes. The size it had been built earlier on. When I came upon it [it had already] been built.


         They weren’t going to build anything new [for so few people].


          The area is much [more] settled now.


1 (VZh)       [А леща сеехте ли?]

2 (a) [0:01]       йә пус’ѐемѐ и туга̀вә цв’ѐтне сә и и ста̀на зәрәнца̀

3 (a) [0:05]       и га̀ узре̇̀и йә мъ̂̀кнеме и ч’у̀кәме йә сәс сәс чуку̀тве

4 (a) [0:09]       сәс вѝлич’ки нәч’у̀квәме йә и әмә нә енәко̀ә въ̀тр’е нә ўо̀д’ер

5 (a) [0:15]       не̇̀ е то̀ не̇̀ е имѐлу енуга̀ә цɨментɨ̀рәну и въ̀тр’е

6 (a) [0:19]       ейта̀м нә ўо̀дерән нә дъ̀скин’е кәд’е̇̀ ш’е гу збɨ̀рәш’ вəф пърстъ̀н

7 (a) [0:23]       л’ѐштәнә се не йәд’е̇̀ [смях]

8 (VZh)       [Често ли готвехте леща?]

9 (a) [0:26]       фәсу̀л’ән сә пə̭ йәде̇̀ по̀ л’ѐштәнә т’а̀ л’ѐштәнә дәрж’ѝ

10 (a) [0:31]       ко̀лкуну ду пут къ̀штәнә дә по̀йдеш’ [смях]

11 (VZh)       [смях]

12 (a) [0:36]       [смях] ч’е ем ка̀к нъ̀й нѐй йе

13 (VZh)       [А на животните какво давахте?]

14 (a) [0:39]       ч’е и мис’ѝр и жѝту т’ѐ йәдъ̀т сѝчку и тѐй им да̀вәhме

15 (a) [0:43]       кина̀ ш’е и hра̀ниш’ то̀ не ж’ивѐи hәйва̀нән әку му не да̀əш

16 (a) [0:46]       уд д’ѐну нѝе йәд’е̇̀ме

17 (VZh) [0:49]       на коѐ вѝкате гов’ъ̂̀да

18 (a) [0:51]       е на̀ д’ѐну ѝмәме кра̀ви тә и гув’ъ̀дә зве̇̀ме

19 (VZh)       [А на малкото как се казва?]

20 (a) [0:55]       тува̀ па̀к кина̀ е те̇̀лену

21 (VZh) [0:58]       əмхəм

22 (a) [0:59]       әга̀ сә рудѝ па̀к ш’ә гу гл’ъ̀дәш’ ку гу гл’ъ̀дәш’

23 (a) [1:00]       әга̀ гу не гл’ъ̀дәш ə әдѝн м’е̇̀сец гу гл’ъ̀дәй два̀

24 (a)       и и за̀кули гу [смях]

25 (VZh)       [А колко месеца го носи кравата?]

26 (a) [1:07]       м’е̇̀сеца

27 (VZh) [1:08]       ко̀лко

28 (a) [1:08]       де̇̀вет м’е̇̀сецә гу но̀си кра̀вәнә

29 (VZh) [1:10]       əмхəм и ка̀к гу вѝкаш кə̭ту се родѝ

30 (b) [1:12]       ут’ѐлилә сә

31 (a) [1:14]       уте̇̀л’увә сә кра̀вәнә и ра̀дә те̇̀ленце [смях]

32 (VZh) [1:17]       да̀ по̀сле кво̀ ста̀ва на една̀ годѝна ка̀к му ка̀звате

33 (a) [1:19]       әдна̀ гудѝнә па̀к

34 (b) [1:20]       йунѝцә

35 (a) [1:21]       па̀к му ви звъ̀т йинѝцə

36 (VZh) [1:22]       ка̀к

37 (a) [1:23]       йинѝцә

38 (VZh) [1:23]       да̀ по̀сле

39 (a) [1:25]       по̀слет әга̀ е мъ̂̀ску па̀к во̀л сә ә рудɨ̀л хə̀

40 (a) [1:29]       әга̀ е ж’е̇̀нцку йинѝцә во̀л йе па̀к куга̀ ста̀н’е гул’ѐму

41 (a) [1:32]       га̀ [кашляне] дв’ѐ гудѝни туга̀вә нә трѝ дә уръ̀т

42 (VZh)       [Как оряхте?]

43 (a) [1:35]       ур’е̂̀hме сәс во̀л’ве сѐй кина̀ту сме то нѐ е сәс с ейнәквѝ

44 (a) [1:40]       кәсу ес’а̀ уръ̀т сәс тра̀ктури и сәс дѝзнә кина̀ әми сәс ура̀лу

45 (a) [1:47]       и ура̀лә сәм и и купа̀лә сәм и и сәс во̀лв’ене сәм ура̀лә

46 (a) [1:52]       кәту мъ̀ш’ ўо̀т’и мәжъ̀ ми е hо̀дил дә ми кәзәндɨ̀свә

47 (a) [1:56]       и дә мә ра̀ни сира̀к сәм з’ѐ̥лә тә тва̀ е

48 (VZh)       [А хляб пекла ли си?]

49 (a) [2:00]       ве̇̀ч’ер пу әдна̀ купа̀н’ә гул’ѐмә нә упштинъ̀сә сәм пе̇̀клә hл’ѐп

50 (a) [2:04]       нем’ѐhме ни фу̀рнә ни нѝкина ъйту̀вә им’е̂̀ у ме̇̀не әднъ̀ фѝрнә

51 (a) [2:08]       у ейт’у̀вә ца̀лту с’е̇̀лу [неразбрано] ъ̂д’ɨ̀н п’еш им’ѐ тə

52 (a) [2:12]       тә пу п’ъ̀т пъ̂̀ти зə ден’ѐ испѝч’еhме әднъ̀нә әднъ̀нә купа̀н’ә испеч’е̇̀ме

53 (a) [2:16]       и дру̀гә искѝсне и нә упштинъ̀нә дә и но̀с’әт

54 (a) [2:18]       йе̂̀ и сәм п’ѐклә hл’ѐбән нем’ѐш’е фу̀рнә д’ѐ е кәсу есеа̀

55 (a) [2:21]       тѝ н’əмо̀й гл’ъ̀дәй с’а̀ мно̀гу къ̀шти нѝй беhме нѐ есо̀лку

56 (a) [2:25]       и упштина̀тә бе ейту̀кә де̇̀су ет’у̀вә мино̀вәт əнъ̀ д’е̇̀су ѝмә

57 (a) [2:29]       ейту̀вә кәту мәгәзѝнч’е тә ета̀м беш’е то̀ до̀лу немѐ

58 (a) [2:34]       нѝ беhме ма̀лку къ̀шти пәк сеа̀ сә се испло̀дили

59 (VZh)       [Значи, само една пещ не стигаше?]

60 (a) [2:37]       въ̀рштәм сә но̀с’әм ә ч’е ква̀с та па̀к дру̀ги за̀мес’әм о̀ти не съ̂̀м

61 (a) [2:41]       зә әдѝн п’е̇̀ш’ и два̀ пу п’ѐт п’е̇̀шти сме п’е̇̀кли нәдо̀лу

62 (a) [2:45]       нә д’ѐну упштинъ̀нә дә ни но̀с’әт ейта̀м л’ѐбә

63 (a) [2:47]       нѐ ни е уд дру̀гәде фу̀рнәнә ес’а̀ немо̀й гл’ѐдәй

64 (a) [2:49]       га̀ ѝмә фу̀рни айту̀кә әднъ̀ фу̀рнә им’ѐhме

65 (a) [2:52]       и то̀ә пуѝмәш’е ду трѝj̝си hл’ѐбә фу̀рнәнә му̀т’кә

66 (VZh)       му̀тка бѐше фу̀рнана

67 (a) [3:01]       əмhəм ко̀л’куну йе угрәд’е̇̀нә била̀ ев’е̇̀л əт кина̀нә сәм нәшлъ̀ угрəд’е̇̀ну

68 (a) [3:05]       то̀ нем’ѐ ейту̀вəн дə грəд’ѐт ни будно̀н нѝк’əна

69 (a) [3:08]       то̀ ес’а̀ сә е нәс’е̇̀лилу мло̀гу пәк

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Comments and questions may be addressed to bdlt@berkeley.edu.

Recommended Model for Citations

Bulgarian Dialectology as Living Tradition [2016] (http://www.bulgariandialectology.org, visited on 1 March 2016)
Babjak 1: 13-15. In: Bulgarian Dialectology as Living Tradition [2016] (http://www.bulgariandialectology.org, visited on 1 March 2016)

Text | by Dr. Radut